Victimological measures to prevent criminal offenses committed against foreigners

Abstract

The article provides the concept of victimological prevention of criminal offenses, on the basis of which the conceptual ways of such activity in relation to foreigners are determined. As a result of the research, it was found that a significant determining influence on the victimization of specific victims-foreigners is exerted by special role victimization (business victimization, competitive-labour, educational-conformist, tourist), as well as victimological deformation of a person (various deviations in behaviour).
 In addition, a provoking behaviour of a victim accelerates victimization, namely: 1) active behaviour of an immoral or illegal nature, as a rule, causes the commission of a violent criminal offense; 2) passive behaviour, in cases of unforeseen behaviour, as a rule, causes the commission of a self-serving violent or self-serving criminal offense.
 Proposals for the implementation of specific measures to ensure the safety of foreigners according to each of the factors in today’s conditions are outlined.
 The considered factors of victimization of foreigners made it possible to group victimological prevention measures in the author’s proposed comprehensive state target program for the prevention of criminal offenses, one of the sections of which will concern foreigners, by spheres of influence, in particular in informational, social and technical spheres. So, in information field – elimination of phobias about the criminality of the surrounding reality and clarification of rules of conduct; in social sphere – provision of assistance during a period of adaptation in the working life situation, inspection of places of residence, leisure time of foreigners by special structures; a technical component includes the equipment of places of residence, training and even work with means of video recording.
 The author proposed definition of victimological prevention – it is the activity of state and public institutions aimed at identifying and neutralizing factors that shape victim behaviour, identifying risk groups and specific individuals with an increased degree of victimization, developing protective capabilities of potential victims, and even restoring rights violated by illegal acts and prevention of repeat victimization.