Abstract
Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) represent a particular mobile technology that permits the communication among vehicles, offering security and comfort. Nowadays, distributed mobile wireless computing is becoming a very important communications paradigm, due to its flexibility to adapt to different mobile applications. VANETs are a practical example of data exchanging among real mobile nodes. To enable communications within an ad-hoc network, characterized by continuous node movements, routing protocols are needed to react to frequent changes in network topology. In this paper, the attention is focused mainly on the network layer of VANETs, proposing a novel approach to reduce the interference level during mobile transmission, based on the multi-channel nature of IEEE 802.11p (1609.4) standard. In this work a new routing protocol based on Distance Vector algorithm is presented to reduce the delay end to end and to increase packet delivery ratio (PDR) and throughput in VANETs. A new metric is also proposed, based on the maximization of the average Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) level and the link duration probability between two VANET nodes. In order to relieve the effects of the co-channel interference perceived by mobile nodes, transmission channels are switched on a basis of a periodical SIR evaluation. A Network Simulator has been used for implementing and testing the proposed idea.
Highlights
In the last years, many efforts have been made in the mobile computing research field; in particular, the IEEE 802.11 standard completely dominates the market
Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) is a fully mobile network whose nodes consist of vehicles equipped with a wireless router and a man/machine interface that acts as a heads-up display and monitoring for trade/infotainment services
Communication performance strongly depends on how the routing takes place in the network: the existing routing protocols for VANETs are not so efficient to meet the needing of every traffic scenario, since the high degree of mobility and propagation phenomena have a high impact on VANET performance
Summary
Many efforts have been made in the mobile computing research field; in particular, the IEEE 802.11 standard completely dominates the market. Using vehicles to construct mobile networks can improve the quality of wireless communications and offer some kinds of entertainment during the trip These networks aim to further improve road safety by providing real-time alerts to drivers about the risks of their planned journey and their immediate surroundings. Called Quality of Service (QoS), for example in VoIPbased traffic applications as in [1], [2] and routing in multi-hop wireless networks are very challenging due to the high grade of mobility that causes interferences among different transmissions, but VANETs offer the chance to reduce them, since multiple simultaneous transmissions (on different channels) are possible. A new routing protocol for interference reduction and linkduration enhancement is proposed for VANET environments, taking advantage of a dynamic allocation of the Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) spectrum, in order to reduce interference level among mobile nodes and to increase the overall link stability in the considered network. This work represents an extension of [11] and [12] with the addition of parameters in the new metric of the proposed protocol
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