Abstract
The driving range of electric vehicles can be extended using regenerative braking. Regenerative braking uses the elctric drive system, and therefore only the driven wheels, for decelerating the vehicle. Braking on one axle affects the stability of the vehicle, especially for road conditions with reduced friction. This paper discusses three control strategies for preventing loss of stability while applying regenerative braking, two of which are using a state estimation algorithm developed by TNO. Experiments have been conducted with a front wheel driven vehicle on a low friction test track. However the conclusions concerning the control concepts are based on simulation results, due to unexpected system behaviour of the test vehicle. The results also indicate that the effectiveness of regenerative braking can be improved in cornering situations by using the vehicle yaw rate as a control signal. Due to hardware limitations, it has not been possible to rank the performance of the individual regenerative braking controllers in practice. It is recommended to further study the control concepts using an improved hardware setup.
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