Abstract
In the study natural plant communities appearing at the first stages of vegetation recovery in open cuts are described. Sixty-three species of higher vascular plants were found, six of which are adventive (Bunias orientalis L., Cichorium intybus L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Melilotus albus Medik., Sedum spurium M.Bieb., Solidago canadensis L.). Species from the Asteraceae (15), Gramíneae (8), Fabáceae (7) families prevail. The predominant life form according to I. Serebryakov are long-rhizome. According to G. Zozulin’s classification, plants belonging to the meadow and birch formations are most common. The associations of Calamagrostis epigejos and Bromus inermis predominate. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Heracleum sibiricum L., Campanula glomerata L. are single.
Highlights
Human-made changes in the environment at the present stage of economic development loom large
The presence of meadow and birch forest species indicates that the processes vegetation recovery began relatively recently
The presence of anthropogenic species is primarily due to the landfill in the open cut [19]
Summary
Human-made changes in the environment at the present stage of economic development loom large This process is especially significant in the open cuts that are formed because of human activity. When they appear, all components of the geosystem are violated. The state and physical and mechanical properties of rocks disturbed during open cut mining, both left in place and moved to another place, undergo strong changes. They are very diverse and depend on the type and structure of massive material, the mining method, movement, laying and subsequent conditions of their existence. Excavation of rocks is almost always accompanied by disruption of natural structural bonds, disintegration, an increase in porosity, rock loosening, and a decrease in resistance to compression and shear [9, 10]
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