Vascular regression during the formation of the free digits in the avian limb bud: a comparative study in chick and duck embryos

Abstract

The pattern and structure of the blood vessels of the interdigital spaces of the leg bud have been studied by means of Indian ink injections and transmission electron microscopy in the chick and duck embryos. The results show that in the chick the interdigital necrotic process responsible for the freeing of the digits is followed by regression of the blood vessels. In the webbed foot of the duck, the interdigital necrotic processes are not followed by vascular regression. Transmission electron microscopic studies show that both in the chick and in the duck, interdigital blood vessels are immature structures lacking basal lamina. Dead cells of presumably endothelial origin were detected in the lumen of the regressing blood vessels of the chick but not in the duck. However, the intensity of this cell death process does not appear to be high enough to account by itself for the disappearance of the interdigital blood vessels. The possible relationships between interdigital mesenchymal cell death and vascular regression are discussed.