Abstract
The extraterrestrial radiation is the solar radiation received at the top of the earth’s atmosphere on horizontal surface. This quantity over selected stations in the tropics was investigated. Daily data of the extraterrestrial radiation on the earth horizontal surface for the year 2018 for stations: Iwo, Abuja, Enugu, Port-Harcourt, Sokoto and Maiduguri obtained from the archive of HelioClim website were analyzed using MATLAB and Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS Version 20.0) to estimate the extraterrestrial radiation of the station considered. The results of the MATLAB revealed that the value of the coincidence is across all stations. In January, the values between 15 - 20 peaks were observed in the year with the Irradiation ( ) and the maximum ( ). The results revealed the Root Mean Square Error RMSE for Sokoto (139.99), Abuja (162.72), Iwo (177.07), Maiduguri (171.34), Enugu (191.07), Port-Harcourt (212.27). The results also revealed that quadratic trend equation which accounted in the range 95.9% - 41.9%. The results then concluded that Sokoto and Maiduguri have the highest solar Irradiance as revealed by the result.
Highlights
Surface energy balance is the combination of the net radiation to or from the surface, the sensible (i.e direct) and the latent (i,e indirect) heat flux to or from the atmosphere, and the heat fluxes into or out of the submedium
Data collection The daily data of the extraterrestrial radiation (Ho) of the earth horizontal surface for the year 2018 for six stations (Iwo, Abuja, Enugu, Port-Harcourt, Sokoto and Maiduguri), located in Nigeria were collected from the archive of HelioClim website of soda of MERRA-2 meteorological re-analysis
The radiation of the solar attenuation across the earth surface The Irradiation for both the estimated and the observed values agreed at the middle of the month i.e. January for all the stations considered except for station Enugu that shift a little to around 20th of January
Summary
Surface energy balance is the combination of the net radiation to or from the surface, the sensible (i.e direct) and the latent (i,e indirect) heat flux to or from the atmosphere, and the heat fluxes into or out of the submedium. Anthropogenic activities taking place on the surface of the earth has contributed significantly to the energy balance of the atmosphere. This solar radiation leads to the transportation and exchange of matters at the interface between the earth surface and the atmosphere which contribute to the climate change [1]. The more the solar radiation, the more the evaporation of water molecules [2] This climate change brings about morbidity to the living and non-living things on the surface of the earth. The objectives of this research are: (1) comparative analysis of the modeled extraterrestrial and the actual values in prediction of the extraterrestrial radiation (2) significance of the coincidence of the estimated and the observed extraterrestrial radiation
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