Variability of the response to activated protein C during normal pregnancy.

Abstract

The response to activated protein C (APC) was investigated in 28 healthy women, non-carriers of the Arg506-Gln mutation in factor V, throughout pregnancy (gestation weeks 12, 20, 28, 32 and 37) and after the delivery. A suppression of APC response was observed which reached lowest values by week 28 (nAPC-ratio 0.78 +/- 0.13), sustained low up to the end of pregnancy and rose after delivery (1.11 +/- 0.22; P < 0.05). APC resistance (nAPC ratio < 0.75) was registered in 16 of the 28 women (57%). A reduction of APC ratio was directly related to its value in the non-pregnant state, being most pronounced in the women with the highest APC ratio. Factor VIII increased during pregnancy and correlated inversely to APC ratio (Z coefficient = -0.645, P < 0.0001). The correlation became weaker in the course of pregnancy, losing significance by week 32. This was explained by the differences in profiles of the two variables: the lowest measured APC ratio preceded the peak of factor VIII in most cases. The most pronounced rise of factor VIII was found in the women with minimal levels of APC ratio between 0.8 and 0.7. These results allowed us to speculate that APC response is closely regulated during pregnancy, aiming to maintain a certain relevant level. Transitory reduction of APC response is connected to factor VIII and discussed as a prevalent mechanism of functional APC resistance during pregnancy.