Abstract
ABSTRACT Morphoagronomic characterization is a basic requirement to identify a phenotypic profile of a population. The quantification of variability allows efficient selection of superior and divergent genotypes. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the variability among 490 genotypes and seven strains, from an F2 population of Ricinus communis L., in 35 morphoagronomic traits and 12 agronomic traits. For qualitative descriptors, the entropy technique was used in the percentage frequencies of each category, computing its level using the coefficient of Rényi (1961). Quantitative descriptors were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test, and Tukey test was performed at 1% probability level. Of the morphoagronomic traits used, 13 were related to plants, nine were related to inflorescence, six were related to fruits and seven were linked to seeds, in addition to 12 agronomic traits. The material was arranged in the field with families (strains of five families) interspersed with their respective parents (controls). Stem color, shape and number of racemes collected, main color, type of secondary color and hundred-seed weight have high variability in the population, with formation of 68 groups as a function of genetic similarity. The possibility of selection as to the number of racemes harvested is clear, so it is possible to identify genotypes with higher number, aiming to enhance crop yield.
Highlights
IntroductionThe species has a mixed reproductive system, in which both self-fertilization and cross fertilization occur, with cross rates varying according to size and/ or type of branching (SAVY FILHO, 1999), contributing to result in great genetic variability and diversification in morphological descriptors, such as color of fruits and stems, types of seeds, presence of waxiness among others (AZEVEDO et al, 2001)
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) has great economic relevance, for being a crop that requires a large volume of labor, generating several jobs, and the oil extracted from its seeds is used in several industrial segments (COSTA et al, 2015)
The results showed the existence of genetic variability
Summary
The species has a mixed reproductive system, in which both self-fertilization and cross fertilization occur, with cross rates varying according to size and/ or type of branching (SAVY FILHO, 1999), contributing to result in great genetic variability and diversification in morphological descriptors, such as color of fruits and stems, types of seeds, presence of waxiness among others (AZEVEDO et al, 2001). The use of morphoagronomic characterization contributes to making the selection process less costly and easy to perform, based on the phenotype that results in numerous pieces of information. Several studies such as those conducted by de Silva et al (2019) and Bezerra Neto et al (2010) use this methodology in the characterization of species, revealing variability among genotypes for the morphoagronomic traits evaluated, concomitantly allowing a performance evaluation. The recognition of the most closely related genotypes aims to gather parents into groups, using a measure of dissimilarity or similarity, explaining homogeneity within the group and heterogeneity between groups
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