Abstract
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small bowel triggered by the exposure to gliadine, a storage protein of wheat and similar grains, occurring in genetically predisposed patients. The diagnosis of celiac disease typically requires the presence of both anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in the serum and specific histological features on small bowel mucosal biopsies, such as villous atrophy. The goals of the endoscopist in the management of patients with known or suspected celiac disease is to obtain contributive histological samples, knowing that mucosal lesions may be patchy among the small bowel, and to diagnose potential complications, such as ulcerative jejunitis, refractory sprue, or enteropathy-associated T lymphoma. We reviewed the respective contribution of the various endoscopic diagnostic tools in the management of patients with celiac disease.
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