Abstract
We compared the intake levels of sodium and potassium assessed with a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used in a 5-year follow-up survey of the JPHC study and 28-day dietary record (DR), and the corresponding two 24-hour urinary excretion levels (32 men and 57 women) in 3-areas, i.e., Ninohe, Yokote, and Saku Public Health Center areas. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients between dietary sodium assessed with FFQ and the urinary excretion for crude values were 0.24 and -0.10 in men and women, respectively. After adjusting for energy and creatinine, the sodium correlation coefficients were 0.35 and 0.25 in men and women, respectively. The correlation coefficients for crude potassium values were 0.18 and -0.13 in men and women, respectively. After adjusting for energy and creatinine, the potassium correlation coefficients were 0.48 and 0.18 in men and women, respectively in conclusion, a weak correlation was observed both for sodium and potassium after energy and creatinine adjustment in men, whereas no meaningful correlation was observed in women.
Highlights
We compared the intake levels of sodium and potassium assessed with a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used in a 5-year follow-up survey of the JPHC study and 28-day dietary record (DR), and the corresponding two 24-hour urinary excretion levels (32 men and 57 women) in 3-areas, i.e., Ninohe, Yokote, and Saku Public Health Center areas
Reliable biomarkers do not exist for many nutrients, some previous studies reported the usefulness of urinary excretions of sodium and potassium as a biomarker for the corresponding intake levels l with some caution.[2]
Sodium and potassium are important nutrients for chronic disease epidemiology on diets because several studies suggested a possible association of the nutrients with mortality from stroke[5] and cancer of stomach.6Moreover, the international comparative study reported that the 24-hour urinary excretion levels in a Japanese population have been much higher for sodium and much lower for potassium compared to the standards in other developed countries.7Therefore, validation is important for these two nutrients in this newly-developed, self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used in a 5-year follow-up survey in the JPHC study
Summary
We compared the intake levels of sodium and potassium assessed with a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used in a 5-year follow-up survey of the JPHC study and 28-day dietary record (DR), and the corresponding two 24-hour urinary excretion levels (32 men and 57 women) in 3-areas, i.e., Ninohe, Yokote, and Saku Public Health Center areas . The Spearman rank correlation coefficients between dietary sodium assessed with FFQ and the urinary excretion for crude values were 0.24 and -0.10 in men and women, respectively.
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