Abstract
PURPOSE: People with hearing impairment have motor and vestibular deficit, which affects the function of static balance. It has been demonstrated the importance of the performance of static balance in athletes in relation to the sports performance, the presence of injuries and as part of the training for the prevention of them. The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the BESS scale in athletes with hearing impairment of neurosensory origin practicing basketball and soccer in the Bogotá league. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Validation study of a diagnostic test instrument, in which translation of the protocol into Colombian Spanish and reverse translation was performed by certified translators. The determination of content validity was carried out by means of expert consensus. The inter, intra evaluator and the test-retest reliability, by Friedman test. By means of the comparison with stabilometry the criterion validity was done By means of the comparison with stabilometry the criteria validity was done, through the Pearson correlation coefficient. The data base was managed in Excel and the data processing was done with the software R version 3.5, Facto mine R for the process analysis of main components. RESULTS: It was achieved to adapt the BESS to Colombian Spanish for soccer and basketball players, as well as its adaptation into Colombian sign language. According to the consensus of experts, the agreement percentage is 95.3 based on the criterion of coherence, relevance and sufficiency evaluated in the protocol. The intra-rater reliability showed variations in the qualification due to the subjectivity of the test administered. On the other hand, the inter-rater reliability showed p values >0.05 for the firm stance feet together, unsteady feet together and unstable one foot. The reliability test-retest reflects stability in the qualification in short periods of time with p values >0.05 for all positions and total rating of BESS. The criterion of validity showed a strong Pearson correlation coefficient with p value of 0.57 for the BESS total compared with stabilometry. CONCLUSIONS: The BESS is a valid static balance assessment method to be applied in the sports field for deaf professional soccer and basketball athletes. Moreover, this test is not sensitive to change in short periods.
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