Abstract
BackgroundSelf-compassion is a key psychological construct for assessing clinical outcomes in mindfulness-based interventions. The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish versions of the long (26 item) and short (12 item) forms of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS).MethodsThe translated Spanish versions of both subscales were administered to two independent samples: Sample 1 was comprised of university students (n = 268) who were recruited to validate the long form, and Sample 2 was comprised of Aragon Health Service workers (n = 271) who were recruited to validate the short form. In addition to SCS, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory–Trait (STAI-T), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) were administered. Construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity were tested.ResultsThe Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the long and short forms of the SCS confirmed the original six-factor model in both scales, showing goodness of fit. Cronbach’s α for the 26 item SCS was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.85-0.90) and ranged between 0.72 and 0.79 for the 6 subscales. Cronbach’s α for the 12-item SCS was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.81-0.88) and ranged between 0.71 and 0.77 for the 6 subscales. The long (26-item) form of the SCS showed a test-retest coefficient of 0.92 (95% CI = 0.89–0.94). The Intraclass Correlation (ICC) for the 6 subscales ranged from 0.84 to 0.93. The short (12-item) form of the SCS showed a test-retest coefficient of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87-0.93). The ICC for the 6 subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.91. The long and short forms of the SCS exhibited a significant negative correlation with the BDI, the STAI and the PSQ, and a significant positive correlation with the MAAS. The correlation between the total score of the long and short SCS form was r = 0.92.ConclusionThe Spanish versions of the long (26-item) and short (12-item) forms of the SCS are valid and reliable instruments for the evaluation of self-compassion among the general population. These results substantiate the use of this scale in research and clinical practice.
Highlights
Self-compassion is a key psychological construct for assessing clinical outcomes in mindfulness-based interventions
The students were randomly selected from the university lists
For sample 2, a total of 283 individuals working for the Aragon Health Service were recruited
Summary
Self-compassion is a key psychological construct for assessing clinical outcomes in mindfulness-based interventions. Meta-analysis suggests that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are efficacious in treating many psychological and somatic disorders, such as anxiety and mood disorders [2]. Both mindfulness [3] and other higher order cognitive processes (including changes in meta-cognition, attentional allocation or directed awareness), which mediate the effects of mindfulness, are considered difficult to assess [4]. Positive mental states are a commonly associated with MBIs. Positive mental states are a commonly associated with MBIs These states might include the attitudes with which one approaches things (e.g., acceptance) [5] or the approach that one takes to interpret private experiences (e.g., self-compassion) [6]. Several studies have demonstrated that MBIs increase positive emotions [7], and that positive emotions foster positive outcomes for MBIs [8]
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