Abstract
Genital herpes is a venereal disease caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although HSV symptoms can be reduced with antiviral drugs, there is no cure. Moreover, because HSV infected individuals are often unaware of their infection, it is highly likely that they will transmit HSV to their sexual partner. Once infected, an individual has to live with HSV for their entire life, and HSV infection can lead to meningitis, encephalitis, and neonatal herpes as a result of vertical transmission. In addition, HSV infection increases the rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and transmission. Because of the high burden of genital herpes, HSV vaccines have been developed, but none have been very successful. In this review, we discuss the current status of genital herpes vaccine development.
Highlights
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)
There is no clear treatment for genital herpes because during a portion of its lifecycle HSV is dormant in the ganglia, and anti-HSV drugs are only effective during active virus shedding [1,2,3]
Genital herpes can be caused by both HSV-1 and HSV-2
Summary
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Genital herpes can be caused by both HSV-1 and HSV-2. Genital herpes can occur at all ages, can be painful, and may lead to multiple complications, including meningitis, encephalitis, and vertical infections from mother to fetus. Infection with HSV significantly increases the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Vaccines 2020, 8, x immune response in the genital tract, which leads to more CD4 T cells that express the CCR5 receptor, which is involved in HIV transmission infection. Effective vaccine development is necessary to cope with genital herpes infection status [17]. As well as the limitations and prospects in this and related fields
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