Vaccination control measures of an epidemic model with long-term memristive effect

Abstract

COVID-19 is a drastic air-way tract infection that set off a global pandemic recently. Most infected people with mild and moderate symptoms have recovered with naturally acquired immunity. In the interim, the defensive mechanism of vaccines helps to suppress the viral complications of the pathogenic spread. Besides effective vaccination, vaccine breakthrough infections occurred rapidly due to noxious exposure to contagions. This paper proposes a new epidemiological control model in terms of Atangana Baleanu Caputo (ABC) type fractional order differ integrals for the reported cases of COVID-19 outburst. The qualitative theoretical and numerical analysis of the aforesaid mathematical model in terms of three compartments namely susceptible, vaccinated, and infected population are exhibited through non-linear functional analysis. The hysteresis kernel involved in AB integral inherits the long-term memory of the dynamical trajectory of the epidemics. Hyer–Ulam’s stability of the system is studied by the dichotomy operator. The most effective approximate solution is derived by numerical interpolation to our proposed model. An extensive analysis of the vigorous vaccination and the proportion of vaccinated individuals are explored through graphical simulations. The efficacious enforcement of this vaccination control mechanism will mitigate the contagious spread and severity.