“V+在+NL”句式的语用研究

Abstract

This paper makes a study of the pragmatic of ‘verb+zai+location’. In view of the previous studies on the pragmatics of ‘verb+zai+location’ sentence pattern is not comprehensive enough. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of ‘verb+zai+location’ sentence pattern from three aspects: the identifiable object of action bounded and unbounded cognitive analysis and focalization. The conclusions are as follows:<BR> Firstly, in the sentence pattern of ‘verb+zai+location’, the object of the action is determinate. And it generally corresponds to a component of the previous paragraph, forming a polyphasic relationship. At the same time, the sentence pattern of ‘verb+zai+location’ has a textual function that corresponds to a previous component.<BR> Secondly, the sentence pattern of ‘verb+zai+location’ has an abounded effect on the verbs in some sentences. This type of sentence is the semantic sentence of ‘scene of moving to the terminus’. Because ‘zai’ here is the meaning of ‘arriving’, which provides the termination point in time and space for the action, so it has an abounded effect. However, in the case of ‘scene of space’, there is no bounded effect. Because the sentence of the semantic scene represents an action or a state occurring at a certain place, and it does not have the starting point and ending point in time by itself.<BR> Thirdly, in ‘verb+zai+location’ sentence pattern ‘location’ has the property of a focus, because the characteristics of the verb in this sentence pattern are ‘positional relevance’. The semantics of the whole sentence is also that the action or state is presented in somewhere, or something reaches somewhere through an action. So the location is the focus of attention of both sides of the communication. In addition, the causal relationship is used to explain the ‘ba’ and ‘bei’ sentences. In these two sentences and the sentence ‘zai’ which expresses the meaning of ‘arriving’, the focus of the place at the end of the sentence is more obvious.