Abstract
Indirect carbonation using industrial by-products such as coal fly ash (CFA) and slag to store CO2 and produce high-purity CaCO3 is the focus of research worldwide. Large amounts of the industrial by-products used for indirect carbonation remain as residual by-products after Ca elution using solvents, but few studies have attempted to utilize these secondary by-products. This study synthesized zeolite P with abundant pores and good crystallinity from the residual by-products of indirect carbonation, which are considered landfill waste, through alkali fusion and a subsequent hydrothermal reaction. The conversion rates of zeolites synthesized from the residual by-products of CFA were similar to that of zeolite synthesized with CFA, reaching as high as 87%. We confirmed the mechanism underlying the fusion–hydrothermal transformation from these by-products to zeolite P through X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and scanning electron microscope analyses. A zero-discharge system that does not emit CO2 or waste can be achieved by synthesizing zeolites from residual by-products while also producing CaCO3 and storing CO2 by indirect carbonation. Therefore, this zeolite synthesis strategy is expected to make indirect carbonation more economical and eco-friendly.
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