Utilization and Security Protection of Computer Communication Technology in the Information Age

The study aims to study the perception of Sr. Sec. School Teachers’ towards extensive utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The Objectives of the study were: O to study the perception of Sr. Sec. School Teachers towards utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT); O to compare the perception of Sr. Sec. School Teachers towards utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in relation to gender; O to compare the perception of Sr. Sec. School Teachers of different age groups towards utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT); O to compare the perception of urban and rural Sr. Sec. School Teachers towards utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT); O to compare the perception of Sr. Sec. School Teachers to different level of qualification towards utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT); (vi) to suggest guidance for effective utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Sr. Sec. Schools. It was decided to select the sample from Sr. Sec. School teachers of Faridabad District of Haryana. In the present study 100 Sr. Sec. school teachers of Faridabad district of Haryana were selected through simple random sampling technique. Tools: Questionnaire for Teachers’ Perception towards Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This questionnaire was developed by investigator and finalized with its face validity. As findings can be declare that: O There is no significant difference between the urban Sr. Sec. School teachers’ perception and their counter part i.e. rural Sr. Sec. School teachers towards utilization of ICT. O There is no significant difference between the urban male and rural male Sr. Sec. School teachers perception did not differ significant on utilization of ICT. O There is no significant difference between urban and rural female Sr. Sec. School teachers perception towards utilization of ICT. It reflected that urban and rural female teachers were not differs in view on utilization of ICT.

This study aimed to identify the mediating effect of information and communication technology (ICT) utilization on cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) / instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in Korean elderly individuals with cognitive decline. A total of 2,448 individuals aged 65 and older with cognitive decline were selected as study subjects from the original dataset of the 2023 National Survey on the Status of the Elderly. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0 with a complex sample analysis method. Frequency and descriptive statistics, partial correlation analysis, general linear model analysis, and Sobel's test were performed. The results showed a negative correlation between cognitive function and ADL/IADL, and a positive correlation between cognitive function and ICT utilization. ICT utilization was shown to be negatively correlated with ADL/IADL. Results also indicated that ICT utilization partially mediates the relationship between cognitive function and ADL/IADL. These findings suggest that using ICT can be a preventive factor in reducing the ability to perform daily activities that can be attributed to cognitive decline. This implies that we should consider strategies to strengthen the use of ICT that affect the maintenance and improvement of daily life performance for older adults with cognitive decline.

Vision, an essential part of human existence plays vital roles in the life of an individual and any hindrance to vision resulting in total or partial loss of sight creates difficulties in understanding the world around such an individual. The problem associated with academic performance of students with visual impairment has a number of indicators which have not received adequate attention from researchers in special education. This study therefore, examined the relationship of information and communication technology (ICT) utilisation on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Lagos State. The objectives of the study were to identify ICT tools, level of ICT utilisation as well as their relationship to academic .performance among students with visual impairment. Using descriptive research design of correlational type, twenty eight students with visual impairment were selected using purposive sampling technique from two special schools located within Lagos state. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents and data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson product moment correlation statistics. Two research questions were raised while one hypothesis was generated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated that there was significant relationship between information and communication technology utilisation and academic performance of students with visual impairment in Lagos state (r = .536, P< .05). Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that schools should adopt appropriate ICT tools that will enhance academic performance of students with visual impairment and to include ICT training skills in the curriculum of special schools.

The aim of this study is to determine the problems associated with Information and communication technology (ICT) utilization in the provision of library and information services in university libraries in Cross River State, Nigeria. It was also intended to determine if there was any significant change in the problems associated with ICT utilization on the provision of library and information services in the university libraries. The use of universities in the study was based on the researchers’ view that these university libraries are prominent in ICT development. A Survey design was used with questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. A total of 130 respondents were used (that is 26 librarians, 66 paraprofessional librarians and 38 library support staff completed the questionnaire). Simple percentages were used to answer the research question, while t-test analysis was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that, inadequate provision of funds, negative attitude of university management toward ICT utilization, lack of maintenance of ICT facilities, absence of ICT training programmes, lack of awareness of ICT potentials by library users and installation of obsolete ICT facilities among others are all identified to be problems associated with ICT utilization and that, the problems associated with the utilization of ICT on the provision of library and information services in university libraries in Cross River State, Nigeria are significantly high. From the findings of this study, it is recommended among others that, adequate funds should be provided for the much needed and talked about ICT utilization in all university libraries in Nigeria. University libraries should embark on periodic in-house training programmes by way of workshops, conferences, seminars etc for the purpose of skill acquisition among librarians, paraprofessional librarians as well as library support staff.

There is no doubt about the fact that information and communication technology utilisation (ICT) is a life wire of any school organisation. However, planners and administrators are aware of the contributions that ICT utilisation could make to the enhancement of academic activities of the institutions. The attainment of the goals and objectives of higher institutions of learning required the availability and optimal utilisation of ICT. Based on the foregoing premise, this study examined ICT utilisation as a veritable tool for academic staff effectiveness in Nigerian Polytechnics. The concept and importance of ICT utilisation were critically examined. Challenges associated with ICT utilisation were highlighted, which include unsteady power supply, inadequate funding, poor quality of telecommunication connections, and lack of qualified ICT operators. The study concluded that the contribution of ICT utilisation to the development of entire level of education today make it necessary for the adoption of ICT utilisation by the school authorities, administrators as well as the lecturers in such a way that it easier for the utilisation of application packages (like power point presentation, Microsoft word process, spread sheet and so on), internet application (video conferencing, e-mail, data base, e-learning) and computer hardware facilities (photo copier machine, printing machine, scanners, laptops to mention but a few). This helps to improve the quality of teaching-learning process, academic and administrative effectiveness in institutions. Also, the technological devices of an institution are a major determinant factor in the actualisation of its objectives. The study recommends that proper funding should be provided for the procurement of ICT devices and equipment which are capital intensive.

This study assessed the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) utilization by agro processors in Ikono Local Government Area of AkwaIbom State, Nigeria. Specifically, it aimed at identifying the socio - economic characteristics of agro - processors; determining the level of awareness of ICT by agro - processors; identifying the ICT devices available, frequency of usage as well as ascertaining the constraints to ICT utilization by agro - processors in the study area. A sample of 107 agro processors from Ikono block in Ikot Ekpene zone was selected using proportionate random sampling technique. Data collection was done with the aid of structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percen tages, mean scores and ranking were used for the analysis of the data. The results show that majority (65.42%) of the agro processors were between the ages of 21 - 40 years with a mean age of 38 years. Most (58.88%) of

This study describes the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the learning process in the expertise of SMK 5 Padang related skills and supporting infrastructure for learning based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the competency of SMK 5 Padang skills and the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by subject teacher competency in Design Modeling and Building Information (DPIB). Two research questions were raised relating to these two research objectives. This research is a descriptive study conducted at SMKN 5 Padang. This research is population research. The population in this study were 3 teachers of the Building Design and Information Design (DPIB) design competency expertise with its unit of analysis the productive competency of the Modeling and Building Design Design expertise (DPIB). Testing the validity of the expert judgment method with two expert lecturers. Reliability testing with Cronbach alpha test. Data analysis in the form of quantitative data analysis for questionnaires and qualitative data analysis in the form of interviews and documentation. The results showed that: (1) Facilities and infrastructure of SMK 5 Padang were in category A (high-end) which showed that the facilities and infrastructure were adequate; (2) Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by teachers of competencies in Building Modeling and Information Design (DPIB) expertise is 30.77% in the very high category, 46.15% in the high category, and 23.08% in the low category. This shows the majority of the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by teachers of competency subjects in the Design and Information Building Design (DPIB) Vocational School 5 Padang in the high category. (3) Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by teacher subject competencies DPIB expertise is not optimal. Therefore, the researcher concludes that the use of ICT by teachers in DPIB expertise competency subjects has not yet utilized ICTs to the full.

this research proposal, have outlined the need for research and development initiative in the area of Utilization of Information and Communication Technology in Education. This need is consistent with growing concern by all stakeholders in education that the condition of ICT in teaching and learning is internationally unacceptable. However, despite concerted efforts by the FGN/MDGs and other non-governmental organizations through re-training and training the trainers of ICT and its uses by teachers in education, we have not seen significant improvement in the area of Information and Communication Technology teaching and learning, by our teachers in Colleges of Education. This lack of noticeable improvement might be due to the lack of clear understanding of the current status of our teacher's knowledge and Technological Pedagogical knowledge content on one hand, and the lack of access and technical support by our institutions on the other hand before designing such interventions. Therefore, the aim of this research project is to collect and analyze baseline data that would guide us and others in the subsequent design of interventions for improving the role-playing ground of lecturers on the use of ICT facilities in the teaching process in Colleges of Education of the North Eastern States. In this research proposal, we have outlined the need for research and development initiative in the area of Utilization of Information and Communication Technology in Education. This need is consistent with growing concern by all stakeholders in education that the condition of ICT in teaching and learning is internationally unacceptable. However, despite concerted efforts by the FGN/MDGs and other non-governmental organizations through re-training and training the trainers of ICT and its uses by teachers in education, we have not seen significant improvement in the area of Information and Communication Technology teaching and learning, by our teachers in Colleges of Education.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between organizational theory and its application in the design and utilization of communication technology. In particular, it is argued that the application of scientific management (SM) principles results in an implementation of technology which fails to take full advantage of the potential both of people as organization members and of the technology itself. The principles of a sociotechnical (STS) approach, on the other hand, offer an opportunity to rethink both the design and the utilization of technology in ways which enhance the potential of both individuals and technology. Finally, practical considerations regarding technological change in organizations as well as its consequences will be considered. Principles of Scientific Management The principles of scientific management, which originated with Frederick Taylor (1995) shortly after the turn of the century, continue, despite other influences, to permeate many aspects of modern organizations, from factory assembly lines to bureaucratic structures of government to the military, even to the centralized decision-making of some educational institutions. These familiar principles include the following precepts, based on the underlying belief that management should do the thinking while workers should perform the tasks: * division of labor into narrow specialization * centralized decision-making * hierarchical chain of command * formal, primarily downward, communication * standardization of procedures with little or no worker discretion * controlled and measured work output * uniform application of rules and regulations. Under scientific management, technology is normally designed to replicate human labor with greater speed and efficiency. Some of the results of this use of technology are documented by Garson (1988). Workers are systematically deskilled, monitored, and often inadequately trained, resulting in alienation, boredom, isolation, decreased motivation, aggression, and negative physical effects. These consequences were foreshadowed earlier by Gratz and Salem (1984) who identified ways in which computer technology could interfere with interpersonal relationships and the development of self by artificially limiting the boundaries of interaction. Bancroft (1992) describes current ways in which computer-assisted technology often drives organizational decision-making, with morale problems, reduced skills, and under-utilized or incompatible computer as common results. Furthermore, as long as the design of computer-assisted communication is premised on secrecy, quantifiable goals, efficiency, and predetermined choices, the capacity of the technology to stimulate and generate new ways of thinking is limited. Under scientific management, technical expertise is privileged as objective, thereby excluding the perspective of all others who may have a legitimate stake in the design and use of technology. While there are built-in parameters with any technology, the additional constraints of scientific management work to limit technology unnecessarily by using it almost exclusively to replicate human labor. For example, in addition to the more obvious repetitive tasks, little attention is paid to the development of designed to enhance creativity or elaborate choice; rather, decision support or expert systems are utilized in which humans rely on predetermined, more efficient options for decision-making. O'Connell (1988) delineates the distinctions between humans and computers in several significant areas, such as speed, accuracy, degree of structure, and the way meaning is established. While there is value in both modes, Postman (1992) argues that our culture has moved from technocracy, in which technology predominates but is still counterbalanced by traditional beliefs and customs, to technopoly, in which technology monopolizes our thinking by privileging the assumptions underlying technology and rendering traditional beliefs invisible. …

PurposeKnowledge acquired from sources of unverified information such as gossip, partial truths or lies, in this paper it is termed as “counter-knowledge.” The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic through an exploration of the links between a Hospital-in-the-Home Units (HHUs) learning process (LP), counter-knowledge, and the utilization of communication technologies. The following two questions are addressed: Does the reduction of counter-knowledge result in the utilization of communication technologies? Does the development of counter-knowledge hinder the LP?Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines the relevance of communication technologies to the exploration and exploitation of knowledge for 252 patients of a (HHU) within a Spanish regional hospital. The data collected was analyzed using the PLS-Graph.FindingsTo HHU managers, this study offers a set of guidelines to assist in their gaining an understanding of the role of counter-knowledge in organizational LPs and the potential contribution of communication technologies. Our findings support the proposition that the negative effects of counter-knowledge can be mitigated by using communication technologies.Originality/valueIt is argued in this paper that counter-knowledge may play a variety of different roles in the implementation of LPs. Specifically, the assignment of communication technologies to homecare units has given them the means to filter counter-knowledge and prevent users from any possible problems caused by such counter-knowledge.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of information and communication technology utilization on taxpayer compliance with the ability to pay as a moderating variable. This study uses a quantitative approach. The sample used was 124 taxpayers registered in Semarang City. The Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique was used to test the moderating effect of ability to pay and the effect of information and communication technology utilization on taxpayer compliance. The results showed that the use of information and communication technology has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance. In addition, this study found that the ability to pay moderates the effect of utilization of information and communication technology on taxpayer compliance.

The important role of Islamic education in shaping the noble character of the nation's younger generation is widely acknowledged. In the era of information and communication technology, these advancements have transformed various aspects of human life, including education. The implementation of technology in Islamic education management holds the potential for significant benefits, such as enhancing school administration efficiency. This study utilizes a qualitative research method to gain a comprehensive understanding of the application of technology in Islamic education management at MAN 4 Pandeglang. Data is collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis to ensure a deep comprehension of the subject matter. The research findings demonstrate that the application of technology in Islamic education management at MAN 4 Pandeglang has yielded significant impacts. The utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) in school administration has enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of educational management. Moreover, the adoption of e-learning, mobile applications, and multimedia technology has improved the quality of Islamic education and increased student and teacher engagement in the educational process. In order to ensure sustainability, the implementation of technology needs to be continuous, enabling MAN 4 Pandeglang to develop a modern, efficient, and effective educational environment. This endeavor will help provide high-quality Islamic education to students and strengthen the school's role in promoting the values of Islam, which are good and righteous.

The study examined Institutional and Societal Challenges in the Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for transformation of Senior Secondary Education in Rivers State. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted with a population of 6859 teachers and principals in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The sample of the study was 823 which represents 12% of the entire population. A 4-point Likert scale self-structured questionnaire titled Societal and Institutional Challenges to the Utilization of Information and Technology for Secondary Education Questionnaire (SICUICTQ) was used for the study. The instrument which was made up of 30 items had its face and the content validity determined by three experts from the Department of measurement and evaluations while the reliability of the instrument was estimated to be 0.89 using Cronbach alpha coefficient. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer all research questions while the z test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level significance. A criterion mean of 2.50 was used as the cut-off mean. Any mean greater than 2.50 was regarded as high extent while mean less than 2.50 was low extent. Findings of the study revealed that the availability of ICT facilities in secondary schools was to a low extent, ICT utilization was to a low extent due to lack of training, funding and that funding challenges affect the utilization of ICT for secondary Education Transformation in Rivers State to a high extent. The study recommended amongst others that for the transformation of the secondary educational system, the government and stakeholders of secondary education should provide ICT facilities in schools as well as look into the challenges of utilizing ICT for enhanced utilization of ICT for secondary education transformation.

Socio-economics Factors and Information Technology Adoption in Rural Area

Changes are rapidly occur in this world, especially developments in the field of information and communication technology. Man must be able to adjust quickly to keep up. Developments in information and communication technology has made it easier for people in work. Utilization of information and communication technology are expected to make work performed by humans is more effective and efficient. National Library of Indonesia mandated by Law No. 43 of 2007 as an adviser to all types of libraries throughout Indonesia. In carrying out the task, the National Library should coordinate with local government including the provincial government, represented by the provincial library which can be said to represent the provincial government in the affairs of the library. National Library of Indonesia in coordination with the provincial library has been facilitated by information and communication technology such as telephone, fax and internet. In addition, coordination can also be done through conventional correspondency or direct face to face. This study tried to define which communication system that is commonly used by the National Library of Indonesia when coordinating with the provincial library and the reasons that lie behind them. The method used in this research is descriptive with a participatory approach, the researchers and respondents are equal and shared a mutual cooperation. This research indicates that face-to-face coordination is more preferred, because face-to-face coordination offers a social and economical benefit.