Abstract
One of the current challenges for wastewater treatment plant managers is how to find and implement new, sustainable solutions for sludge treatment and disposal. According to EU Directive 91/271/EEC, by 31 December 2018, Romania must enter into full compliance with the international regulations regarding wastewater treatment. This means that sludge production will greatly increase, together with a need for new, advanced technologies to address not only the disposal issue but also the need for energy efficient solutions. This paper presents two solutions for sludge treatment: a pilot installation for sludge treatment that entails drying, mixed biomass-sludge pelletizing and incineration in pellet boilers, developed by a team of Romanian experts; and using dried sludge as an alternative fuel for cement production, in the biggest cement factories in Romania. For these solutions, the key factor that influences both technologies are the drying process that, from an economic point of view, requires a high level of energy consumption. Despite this, considering the fact that, following the combustion process, the sludge volume is reduced and a significant amount of energy is recovered, these represent strong arguments to support the economic reliability of the technologies.
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