Using Scammers’ Data to Estimate the Impact and Importance of Preventing Repeat Mail Fraud Victimization

Abstract

Abstract This study examines the frequency and cost of repeat mail fraud victimization in the United States using longitudinal data from a unique source: records from four scam enterprises that operated over a nearly 20-year period. Findings show that most mail fraud victims experience repeat victimization and a small percentage account for most of the losses. Sixty-two per cent of victims responded to more than one mail solicitation. Chronic victims, who responded more than 20 times, comprised 8.8 per cent of the sample and lost $1,771, on average. Findings suggest the need for early intervention to prevent repeat and chronic victimization, thereby reducing the harm for victims. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.