Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding geographic distributions of species is a crucial step in spatial planning for biodiversity conservation, particularly as regards changes in response to global climate change. This information is especially important for species of global conservation concern that are susceptible to the effects of habitat loss and climate change. In this study, we used ecological niche modeling to assess the current and future geographic distributional potential of White-breasted Guineafowl (Agelastes meleagrides) (Vulnerable) across West Africa.MethodsWe used primary occurrence data obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and national parks in Liberia and Sierra Leone, and two independent environmental datasets (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer normalized difference vegetation index at 250 m spatial resolution, and Worldclim climate data at 2.5′ spatial resolution for two representative concentration pathway emissions scenarios and 27 general circulation models for 2050) to build ecological niche models in Maxent.ResultsFrom the projections, White-breasted Guineafowl showed a broader potential distribution across the region compared to the current IUCN range estimate for the species. Suitable areas were concentrated in the Gola rainforests in northwestern Liberia and southeastern Sierra Leone, the Tai-Sapo corridor in southeastern Liberia and southwestern Côte d’Ivoire, and the Nimba Mountains in northern Liberia, southeastern Guinea, and northwestern Côte d’Ivoire. Future climate-driven projections anticipated minimal range shifts in response to climate change.ConclusionsBy combining remotely sensed data and climatic data, our results suggest that forest cover, rather than climate is the major driver of the species’ current distribution. Thus, conservation efforts should prioritize forest protection and mitigation of other anthropogenic threats (e.g. hunting pressure) affecting the species.
Highlights
Understanding geographic distributions of species is a crucial step in spatial planning for biodiversity conservation, as regards changes in response to global climate change
All 405 candidate models performed significantly better than random expectations (p < 0.001); 123 models met our 5% omission rate threshold; and five models were within two units of the minimum Akaike information criterion corrected (AICc) scores
We acknowledge current efforts to create a network of protected areas across the region to increase transboundary landscape connectivity in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Cote d’Ivoire (e.g. Gola Rainforest National Park (GRNP) Sierra Leone/Gola Forest National Park (GFNP) Liberia; Ziama Guinea/Wonogizi Liberia; Tai Côte d’Ivoire/Sapo-Grebo Liberia) that will optimize overall biodiversity conservation across the region
Summary
Understanding geographic distributions of species is a crucial step in spatial planning for biodiversity conservation, as regards changes in response to global climate change. This information is especially important for species of global conservation concern that are susceptible to the effects of habitat loss and climate change. We used ecological niche modeling to assess the current and future geographic distributional potential of White-breasted Guineafowl (Agelastes meleagrides) (Vulnerable) across West Africa. We used ecological niche modeling to assess the distributional status of a Vulnerable Forest Endemic bird species, the White-breasted Guineafowl (Agelastes meleagrides) across West Africa. Habitat loss and climate change both have drastic effects on the distributions and populations of birds (Şekercioğlu et al 2012; Stephens et al 2016)
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