Abstract
This paper presents a formalization of commonsense reasoning by using normal deduction graphs (NDGs), which form a powerful tool for deriving Horn and non-Horn clauses, based on Kleene's three-valued logic. We show how NDGs, in conjunction with default logic, can be used to answer queries of commonsense reasoning by developing a formalization with results which are consistent with Etherington's ordered network theory. Index terms: Artificial intelligence, commonsense reasoning, default reasoning, first-order logic, inference, logic programming, normal deduction graph.
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