Abstract

In recent years, many applications, as well as theoretical properties of interval analysis have been investigated. Without any claim for completeness, such applications and methodologies range from enclosing the effect of round-off errors in highly accurate numerical computations over simulating guaranteed enclosures of all reachable states of a dynamic system model with bounded uncertainty in parameters and initial conditions, to the solution of global optimization tasks. By exploiting the fundamental enclosure properties of interval analysis, this paper aims at computing invariant sets of nonlinear closed-loop control systems. For that purpose, Lyapunov-like functions and interval analysis are combined in a novel manner. To demonstrate the proposed techniques for enclosing invariant sets, the systems examined in this paper are controlled via sliding mode techniques with subsequently enclosing the invariant sets by an interval based set inversion technique. The applied methods for the control synthesis make use of a suitably chosen Gröbner basis, which is employed to solve Bézout’s identity. Illustrating simulation results conclude this paper to visualize the novel combination of sliding mode control with an interval based computation of invariant sets.

Highlights

  • During the last few decades, interval analysis has been shown to provide efficient numerical approaches for solving various tasks in scientific computing, as well as in application-oriented disciplines in which numerical techniques with a result verification are helpful or required

  • Illustrating simulation results conclude this paper to visualize the novel combination of sliding mode control with an interval based computation of invariant sets

  • The possibility of interval analysis to treat the effects of round-off and truncation errors of numerical solution techniques is exploited [8,9,10]

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Summary

Introduction

During the last few decades, interval analysis has been shown to provide efficient numerical approaches for solving various tasks in scientific computing, as well as in application-oriented disciplines in which numerical techniques with a result verification are helpful or required In such a way, they help to solve problems in control engineering, robotics, including rigorous methods for localization and/or path planning, as well as guaranteed obstacle avoidance, computational (bio-)mechanics, civil engineering, or bio-engineering, just to mention a few of the large number of different areas [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. These paths are assumed to be described in terms of a sliding surface for a nonlinear dynamic system This control design procedure is interfaced with techniques from the field of interval analysis that are employed to determine enclosures of the invariant sets of the resulting controlled system in a reliable and computationally efficient way.

Classical Sliding Mode Control
Controller Design
Computation of the Invariant Set of the Closed-Loop Control System
Interval Computation
Pendulum Motion on a Circle in the Phase Plane
Verification of Stability
Computation of the Invariant Set
Pendulum Motion on an Ellipse in the Phase Plane
Pendulum with an Iso-Energy Constraint
Stabilization of the Pendulum Motion towards Zero
Line Following for a Dubins Car
Consideration of Input Range Constraints
Conclusions and Outlook on Future Work
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