Abstract
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are useful for processing many data collected during environmental and natural resource inventory and monitoring because they contain a wide range of tools for collecting, storing, retrieving, transforming, and displaying spatial data. Further, complex mathematical models, such as groundwater, surface runoff and soil erosion models, can be linked to a GIS database to give additional power to aid environmental management. In particular, a large and detailed database in a GIS linked to a mathematical model greatly benefits model predictions. A GIS can be useful for spatial analysis of specific problems, such as the identification of outliers, which might indicate point sources of pollutants. Digital elevation models can be used in GIS to aid the survey and monitoring of environmental pollution.
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