Using an integrative meta-analyzis to examine the effects of smart classroom-based instruction on academic achievement: a technological change perspective

The object of this research is the impact of technological changes on the dynamics of economic development of enterprises. The main hypothesis is the assumption of the presence of such an impact for a significant number of companies. The implementation of this research made it possible to make a certain contribution to the process of solving the problem of finding ways to accelerate the economic development of business entities. At the same time, technological changes were divided into three groups, namely: resource-saving; changes that ensure the improvement of the quality of the enterprise's products; changes that ensure the improvement of management, sales and other processes at enterprises. A methodological approach to assessing the impact of technological changes on the dynamics of economic development of companies was also developed. This approach involves the implementation of two main methods of assessment, namely: establishing the presence or absence of such an impact and determining the magnitude of the impact of technological changes on the dynamics of economic development of enterprises. The testing of the developed tool on a sample of industrial enterprises showed that the impact of technological changes on the dynamics of their economic development exists and is statistically significant. At the same time, the average impact of technological changes on the growth of financial results of enterprises is quite high. In particular, the average values of the indicator of the impact of technological changes on the net profit of those enterprises that have undergone at least two types of such changes, by type of economic activity, range from 11.25% to 13.32%. Since a significant number of the enterprises studied have not carried out technological changes in recent years, at least some of these enterprises may have significant potential to accelerate their economic development. The developed toolkit for assessing the impact of technological changes on the dynamics of economic development of enterprises can be used to establish the presence and extent of such an impact both at the level of an individual company and at the industry level. This will allow owners and managers of enterprises to increase the validity of the strategies for technological renewal of these enterprises.

This dissertation focuses on the impact of technological changes on workers based onthe task-based model. In the first chapter, I first investigate the impacts of two types of technologies on employment and job choices in the directed search model. The relationship between technology and labor with respect to complementarity and substitutability defines technology as labor-augmenting and labor-saving. Progress of labor-augmenting technology mainly works in jobs hiring highly-skilled workers in positive ways while labor-saving technological development affects jobs with middle-skilled workers in destructive ways during the last two decades in KLIPS data. The consequence of technological advances intensifies the advantage of highly skilled workers relative to unskilled workers. Then, the second part examines how employment and the adoption of new technology are affected if workers raise their skill level in response to technological changes. Two possible scenarios predict the results of an increasing supply of high-skilled workers. When firms voluntarily control the skill requirements, it causes the incidence of overqualification that increases the earning inequality, and labor-saving technologies worsen the problem in routine task jobs. However, technology innovation is accelerated. The price adjustment can naturally correct the oversupply of the highly skilled by changing the incentive to move up the job ladder. It is carried out through the reduced dispersion of technical developments and therefore decreased earning gap across tasks. In the second chapter, I examine how differently routine-biased technological changes affect unskilled workers by their innate ability and work experience. This chapter answers why some workers keep their jobs and others do not when labor-saving technologies take the worker’s role over. To focus on routine-biased technological changes, it covers high school graduates who might have either routine or manual tasks in the United States. In a random search model, workers follow the Nash bargaining wage to choose where to apply. Since the wage depends on productivity that varies by their innate ability and work experience, workers’ job search is delimited by their characteristics. The model simulates the impact of routine-biased technological changes with falling labor productivity in routine tasks, leading to wages dropping and routine jobs decreasing. From the lowest ability, those who were in the routine task sector are crowded out. The unemployment rate of unskilled workers increases even though more manual jobs are created due to lower wages. Work experience makes those who are exposed to a risk of separation survive. It distinguishes the high unemployment rate of

The primary goal of Chinese agricultural development is to guarantee national food security and the supply of major agricultural products. Hence, the improvement of agricultural technology plays a vital role in China for economic development. Technological change in agricultural sector results in higher future economic growth as well as food security, both in food consumption and availability. By constructing China’s agriculture general equilibrium model (CGE), this paper explains the impact of agricultural technology change. This paper constructs a dynamic CGE model based on CHINAGEM model for analyzing the technology increase in China Agricultural sector and then describes the construction of database and policy scenario. Model such as Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model is used to conduct analysis of the economy-wide impacts of new agricultural technologies in China. In the general equilibrium model, some external variables are established; any part of structural changes caused by its exogenous variables can affect the entire system, resulting in general changes of goods, prices and quantity of factor. Simulation result of this paper indicates the agriculture sector output increases respectively; employment decreases; production cost decreases; and investment increases. Finally this paper describes the effects of the policy of technology changes by comparing policy scenario to baseline scenario and explains the impact of technology changes in China economy using CHINAGEM model.

Technical change greatly contributes to the explanation of economic structural changes. The aim of this paper is to measure the extension and the direction of structural and technological change. The impact of structural and technological changes on sectoral gross output was computed by breaking down the total change into the part due to changes in input-output coefficients (technological change) and the part due to changes and composition of final demand. The decomposition of structural change is based on the following questions. What were the engines of growth? What was the role and impact of technological change and which economies experienced the most and least structural change?

Since the 1930s there has been much focusing in research on the effects of technological change in industry and the wider economy. This paper aims to analyze the impact of radical technological change, that is drawn sheet glass and float glass, on the peripheral Scandinavian flat glass industry over the twentieth century. We focus on technological change from the viewpoint of the emergence of a dominant design and its diffusion, and we will apply in our analysis a modified version of the dominant design model proposed by organizational scientists. This model is useful in this case since it includes also the dimension of time. We will make the analysis more comprehensive by taking into account also the markets outside Scandinavia, i.e. in the rest of Europe and North America. This research therefore aims to increase our understanding ofthe impact on industry ofradical technological change.

This study aims to analyze the impacts of natural disasters (total affected and total damages), technological change and education on poverty rates using 38 selected developing countries over the period of 1984-2013. A panel regression method is used in estimating the model. The results show that more impactful natural calamities will increase the poverty rate (positive relationships), while the impact of technological change has brought the poverty rate down to the lowest level (negative relationships). However, this study finds positive relationships between technological change and poverty, with an increase in technology causing a rise in poverty. The study also reveals a negative relationship between education on poverty. This implies that improvements in education can play an important role in increasing welfare and reducing poverty in developing countries. The results of this study suggest that education might be the best solution for minimizing the impact of natural disaster and poverty avoidance.

Impact of smart classrooms combined with student-centered pedagogies on rural students’ learning outcomes: Pedagogy and duration as moderator variables

This book has examined the relationship between inequality, growth and technological change along two lines: first, the impact of wealth/income inequality on an economy’s growth rate (of output, capital, consumption and productivity), and, second, the impact of both technological change and capital accumulation on the income distribution. Concerning the latter line, the book has followed the recent literature in focusing primarily on the impact of technological change on earnings inequality.

This study reports two independent meta-analyses on the relationship between (a) classroom climate and academic achievement; and (b) school climate and academic achievement. The analyses were based on extant correlational research studies at the K-12 level that were published between 2000 and 2020. The relationships were analyzed in terms of various moderator variables. The first dataset included 53 research studies focusing on classroom climate and academic achievement, and the second dataset included 37 research studies on school climate and academic achievement. The meta-analyses were carried out with a random effects model. Fisher's effect size was calculated for each study. Publication bias was tested with Egger's linear regression method and Duval and Tweedie's trim and fill method. We used the Q-test for moderation analyses and I2 test for heterogeneity analyses. The results revealed that the mean effect size for the relationship between classroom climate and academic achievement was small, while it was medium for the relationship between school climate and academic achievement. The effect sizes regarding classroom climate differed significantly only in terms of the academic area moderator variable, and the effect sizes regarding school climate differed in terms of school area, report type, and unit of analysis. This meta-analysis study confirmed that school climate and classroom climate are significant correlates of academic achievement, and the dataset in this study revealed a greater magnitude of relationship in favor of school climate (although a comparison is not meant in this study). This study suggests that policymakers and practitioners should invest their efforts in promoting sound school climates while maintaining an emphasis on classroom climate components, as the two types of climates are intertwined.

The KIP-Kuliah Scholarship is study assistance for prospective students from limited economic backgrounds with academic achievements. Online registration makes the process easier, but opens up opportunities for fraud, especially in data manipulation. This research adopts Goffman's Dramaturgy theory, viewing social interactions as performances where scholarship applicants act like actors. As well as using the perspective of Risk Society theory by Ulrich Beck, which states that risk is present in modern society as the impact of changes in technology, economics and social structure. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. This research aims to reveal the front and back stages of students receiving KIPK scholarships. The results show dramaturgical practices where some Kipk students act as incapable individuals on the front stage but live hedonistic lives on the back stage. Ironically, modernization intended to make scholarship registration easier actually carries the risk of manipulation and hedonistic behavior among students.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) on academic achievement. The study was conducted using the meta-analysis method. In the present study, a total of 40 studies that were carried out between 2010 and 2020 and met the inclusion criteria were subjected to meta-analysis. In the present study, the values of the effect size and combined effect size of each study included in the meta-analysis were calculated using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. The sample of the study consists of 3474 participants. The results of the study revealed that the studies were usually conducted at the university stage with a medium sample size, and published as articles. It was also revealed that most of the studies were carried out in the field of sciences and social sciences. Considering the intervention durations, it was observed that the studies were particularly carried out within a period between 1 and 4 weeks (37.8%). According to the results of the analysis, the average effect size was calculated as 0.523. Considering the results, it can be stated that CSCL has a positive and moderate effect on academic achievement. Also, the results of the moderator analysis revealed that the effect of CSCL on academic achievement did not change by the learning stage, domain subject, and the sample size but it changed by the intervention duration.

Technological changes and trade are closely intertwined in the contemporary era. Technological advancements, particularly in the realms of communications, information technology, and patents, have played a crucial role in stimulating and reshaping international trade by influencing production methods and the quality of goods and services produced. This research aims to analyze and measure the impact of technological changes, represented by patent applications, on commodity exports in China. Employing the Threshold Regression model, the study examines the magnitude of this impact across various stages during the research period. The underlying hypothesis posits a positive correlation between technological changes and commodity exports in China throughout these different stages. To achieve this objective and validate the hypothesis, the research combines two methodological approaches. The deductive approach utilizes descriptive analysis in the theoretical framework, drawing upon economic theory and a comprehensive review of literature pertaining to technological changes and foreign trade. Conversely, the inductive approach employs quantitative analysis, leveraging econometric techniques to interpret the relationship between technological changes and foreign trade. The study relies on time series data spanning the period from 2000 to 2022. Following a series of econometric tests, the data was deemed suitable for analysis using the Threshold Regression model. The results of the Bai-Perron sequential test for threshold values revealed the existence of five thresholds for the dependent variable (patent applications) when testing for multiple structural breaks. The impact of these thresholds on commodity exports was positive and statistically significant across all five thresholds, with the greatest impact observed at the first threshold, followed by a gradual decline until reaching saturation levels in the subsequent thresholds. Based on these findings, the research recom

The aim of this study is to explore the effect size of the drama approach used in the social studies course on academic achievement through the meta-analysis method in the Turkish sample. The academic studies included in this study were searched at the following databases, namely, National Thesis Centre of the Council of Higher Education (YÖK), ULAKBİM TR Index, Google Scholar, and Scopus by using the keywords “creative drama”, “drama”, and “dramatization”. As a result of the database search, the meta-analysis was carried out with 31 academic studies, including 26 master’s theses, 2 doctoral dissertations, and 3 academic papers, all conducted on the effect of drama approach on academic achievement in social studies course. The data related to the studies included in the meta-analysis were analyzed by entering them into the CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) and MetaWin software programs. Due to the fact that the studies included in our meta-analysis were heterogeneous to one another, effect sizes were calculated according to the random effects model. In addition to this, grade levels, the weeks of application, and the number of samples were identified and analyzed as moderator variables. The results showed that the drama approach used in the social studies course had a positive and significant impact on students’ academic achievement. Nevertheless, the moderator analyses indicated that the grade level, the week of application, and the number of samples led to no change in the effect size on academic achievement. No publication bias was found in the studies included in the analysis. Based on the results of the study, we have made a number of recommendations for future research to be conducted on the drama approach for teaching purposes in the social studies course.

The paper focuses on the problem of structural transformation of the economy of a mountain agrarian region. Technological changes in the production functions of the agricultural sector cause adaptation of the employment structure and, as a consequence, the production structure of the economy of an open region in the medium term. The regional development of small mountain regions with a traditional structure of the economy largely depends on the trajectory for encouraging structural changes. We have presented a model of the impact of technological changes in the agricultural sector on structural changes in the economy of a mountain agrarian region in the medium term, and the classification of technological changes into three types: land-saving, labor-saving and neutral. The proposed model is a two-factor model of the aggregated production function in a small open regional economy, which describes the impact of technological changes on the transformation of the sectoral structure. In the model, the region is a small open agrarian economy with immobile production factors. The conditions of equilibrium in statics are considered and analyzed. It is evidenced that land and labor force as production factors are strong complements, which contribute to the outflow of labor force from the agricultural sector due to labor-saving technological changes in the agricultural sector. It is shown how the proposed model helps make a strategic choice of the program of agricultural extension in a small region with an open economy.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Geographic Information Systems, one of the educational technologies, on the academic performance of students. In accordance with this purpose, to combine the results of independent experimental studies, the meta-analysis method was put into use. Within this context, as a result of the literature review, in the meta-analysis, 17 experimental studies conducted between the years 2007 and 2020 were included. The total sample size of the mentioned studies was 620 in the experimental group and 607 in the control group. Thalheimer and Cook's (2002) classification was used in calculating the effect size values in the study in which the random effects model was used. Publication bias in research; Funnel Plot was tested with Rosenthal Fail Safe N value, cut and fill method of Duval and Tweedie and Begg-Mazumdar statistics, and studies included in meta-analysis were found to be heterogeneous. The effect of moderator variables, which are thought to influence academic achievement, was examined. Q and p significance tests were used to calculate the effect of moderator variables. According to the results of the study, it has been determined that GIS has a very wide (+1,193) effect on academic achievement. Positive average effect size indicates a change in favour of the experimental group. It was concluded that among the moderator variables, the study type, class level and sample size did not create a significant change in the effect size, and the year variable created a significant difference in the effect size.