Abstract
Future district heating systems need to be more flexible and move towards a carbon-neutral generation. Compression heat pumps are foreseen to be promising future tools for district heating systems in EU countries. The paper presents the simulation data or a vertical double-pipe geothermal heat exchanger with ethylene glycol-Al2O3 as a working fluid. To simulate the operation of the heat exchanger, the STAR-CCM + CFD application was used. It has been determined the optimal volume particle concentrations of nanofluid and enhance of heat exchanger performance.
Highlights
There is a clear trend towards increasing variable renewable energy sources in the energy balance, primarily as an alternative to nuclear and coal energy
The average heat transfer coefficient of the ethylene glycol-Al2O3 fluid comparing to waterAl2O3 increases with an increase nanoparticle concentration, and at high concentrations it is about 17% [10, 11]
A 35% ethylene glycol solution with aluminum nanoparticles at initial temperature of 6 ° C was used as working fluid
Summary
There is a clear trend towards increasing variable renewable energy sources in the energy balance, primarily as an alternative to nuclear and coal energy. 1 – heat exchanger; 2 – earth ground; 3 – pumps; 4 – heat pump; 5 – heat consumer It has been elaborated in [7, 8], that the addition of Al2O3 particles to the base fluid increases the heat transfer coefficient, while the friction coefficient decreases [9]. The average heat transfer coefficient of the ethylene glycol-Al2O3 fluid comparing to waterAl2O3 increases with an increase nanoparticle concentration, and at high concentrations it is about 17% [10, 11]. Adding 10 nm particles with a volume concentration of 0.3% increase the thermal conductivity of a nanofluid up to 40% [13]. This paper is dedicated to evaluate the effect of adding 150 nm aluminum oxide nanoparticles with a volume concentration of 1, 2, 5, 6 % on the heat generation of a vertical geothermal heat exchanger
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