Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the biofertilizers (common and enriched) in substrate irrigated with saline waters on the quality of the seedlings evaluated by the phytomass from yellow Passiflora edullis. In this sense, an experiment was carried in a greenhouse at the Center of Agricultural Sciences and Biodiversity CCAB/UFCA, Crato-CE, from October/2017 to March/2018. The substrate used was a material of the first 20 cm to depth of a Red Yellow Latosol. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme of type 5 × 3, with three replications, referring to the electrical conductivity values of the irrigation water: 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in the soil without the bovine biofertilizer; in treatments with common biofertilizer and, evaluated in the soil with enriched biofertilizer, conditioned in black polyethylene bags with it a maximum capacity of 5.0 kg, totaling 60 treatments. The fermented bovine biofertilizer after dilution in non-saline and non-chlorinated water (0.5 dS m-1), in the proportion of 1:3, was applied only once to 10% of the substrate volume, two days before sowing. The salinity increase of the irrigation water affected negatively the phytomass production, but with less intensity in the treatments with enriched biofertilizer. The enriched and common biofertilizer provided higher growth and consequently higher phytomass production of passion fruit seedlings in relation to the soil without the respective input, independently of the level of salinity of irrigation water.
Highlights
Flavicarpa Deg.), which is called the sour passion fruit, is a species originated from Tropical America, with more than 150 species native to Brazil, intensely cultivated in countries of tropical and subtropical climate, which corresponds to about 98% of productivity in Brazil (Agrianual, 2016)
In Brazil, the area affected by the saline stress corresponds to 5% of the total area and 33% of the world's soils are degraded or in process of erosion, salinization, compaction, acidification and contamination are among the main problems (FAO, 2015)
According to Taiz et al (2017), this inhibition of the growth caused by the salinity is due to the osmotic effect, which promotes the physiological drought, as well as causes the toxic effect, resulting from the concentration of ions in the protoplasm
Summary
In Brazil, the area affected by the saline stress corresponds to 5% of the total area and 33% of the world's soils are degraded or in process of erosion, salinization, compaction, acidification and contamination are among the main problems (FAO, 2015). In this case, it contributes to the great obstacle to crop productivity, especially on the Northhest of Brazil or in semi-arid areas around the world, where the irrigation system occurs mainly by sprinkling or drip irrigation and low-quality water. The expansion of these areas naturally compromised, in the irrigated perimeters of the Brazilian Northeast constitutes economic and social disorders to the semi-arid region where the production system depends of irrigation and every day new production areas are installed to attend the growing food demand (Yang et al, 2011; Medeiros et al, 2016)
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