Abstract
The coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation process is widely used for removal of suspended solids and water turbidity reduction. The most common coagulants used to conduct this process are aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate. In this paper, the use of Aloe vera as a natural-based coagulant for drinking water treatment was tested. The bio-coagulant was used in two different forms: powder as well as liquid; the latter was extracted with distilled water used as a solvent. The obtained results showed that the use of the natural coagulant (Aloe vera) in both powder (AV-Powder) and liquid (AV-H2O) forms reduced the water turbidity at natural pH by 28.23% and 87.84%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the use of the two previous forms of bio-coagulant for drinking water treatment had no significant influence on the following three parameters: pH, alkalinity, and hardness. The study of the effect of pH on the process performance using Aloe vera as a bio-coagulant demonstrated that the maximum turbidity removal efficiency accounted for 53.53% and 88.23% using AV-Powder and AV-H2O, respectively, at optimal pH 6.
Highlights
Water treatment plants are facilities designed to correct the characteristics of influent water to the plant and make it suitable for its final use
In general waters to be treated are grouped as follows: (i) municipal wastewaters that are characterized by a high organic content as well as nutrients, and their treatment is mainly conducted with biological processes [2,3,4,5] and other alternative methods [6]; (ii) industrial wastewaters that are mainly loaded with potential toxic elements (PTEs), and their treatment is performed with several processes, usually chemical, and biological such as bioremediation [7], and (iii) surface waters and groundwater, which generally represent the main source of drinking water
The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential of Aloe vera as a coagulant for drinking water treatment
Summary
Water treatment plants are facilities designed to correct the characteristics of influent water to the plant and make it suitable for its final use (e.g., drinking water, productive process water, discharged water, etc.). In general waters to be treated are grouped as follows: (i) municipal wastewaters that are characterized by a high organic content as well as nutrients, and their treatment is mainly conducted with biological processes [2,3,4,5] and other alternative methods [6]; (ii) industrial wastewaters that are mainly loaded with potential toxic elements (PTEs), and their treatment is performed with several processes, usually chemical, and biological such as bioremediation [7], and (iii) surface waters and groundwater, which generally represent the main source of drinking water These sources are in most cases loaded with suspended solids and colloids. The coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation process is the most widely used [10,11]
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