Abstract
Simple SummaryInfluenced by global climate, trade, and transportation factors, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) has gradually spread from southern regions to Beijing, Hebei, and other northern areas in China. In order to evaluate the risk of damage of B. dorsalis to the dominant northern fruits, an age-stage two-sex life table was used to study the fitness of B. dorsalis for peaches and apples, with oranges as the control. Our results showed that the pest can cause continuous damage on northern fruit hosts, with the damage degree being basically the same on peaches as on the southern fruit of oranges. The B. dorsalis population on peaches increased by 12,112.1 times 90 days after oviposition, easily causing great damage. Additionally, the population increased by 4311 times on apples, which may also become a potentially new host of B. dorsalis in northern China, though with relatively lower fitness. This research lays a foundation for monitoring and the formulation of efficient control strategies for B. dorsalis.Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), as a quarantine pest in many countries and regions, has shown a trend of northward diffusion in the past century in China. In order to determine whether B. dorsalis will cause great harm to the dominant northern fruits, the age-stage two-sex life tables of peaches and apples were constructed, with oranges as the control. The results showed that the developmental rate, intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) on oranges and peaches were significantly greater than on apples. Additionally, the prediction of population growth 90 days after oviposition revealed that the whole population on oranges and peaches increased by 13,667.3 and 12,112.1 times, respectively, indicating that B. dorsalis is very likely to endanger peach orchards. The population increased on apples by 4311 times, though this is lower than that on oranges and peaches. Overall, peaches with high fitness similar to oranges are very suitable as a host for B. dorsalis and are likely to become a new favorable host, while apples may also become a potentially new host, though with lower fitness. Therefore, the most pressing solutions to take are population monitoring, comprehensive prevention, and control in the case of any potential large-scale outbreak of B. dorsalis in northern China.
Highlights
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), one of the most destructive pests in the Asia-Pacific region [1], can harm more than 250 kinds of fruits and vegetables such as guava, mango, peach, and apple [2]
Second-generation of B. dorsalis fed with oranges, peaches, and apples were taken to construct age-stage two-sex life tables, and their growth, development, survival, and reproduction were analyzed to evaluate the fitness of different host fruits
Eggs hatched from the first-generation B. dorsalis (100 males and 100 females) fed with oranges, peaches, and apples were collected in 220 mL perforated paper cups (500 holes pierced with an insect needle number five) for 24 h; 15 eggs were placed with a brush into a Petri dish (60 mm in diameter) containing corresponding host fruits with six replicates for each treatment, for a total of 90 eggs
Summary
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), one of the most destructive pests in the Asia-Pacific region [1], can harm more than 250 kinds of fruits and vegetables such as guava, mango, peach, and apple [2]. Previous studies on B. dorsalis hosts in China have mainly focused on tropical and subtropical fruits including guava, banana, papaya, pitaya, sweet orange, pomelo, wax apple, and mango in southern areas [1,19], and the situation of. In terms of the northward spread of B. dorsalis in recent years, according to the first-generation damage of B. dorsalis on oranges, peaches, and apples (Figure S1), it is a pressing issue to determine whether B. dorsalis will cause continuous damage to the dominant fruits in northern China. Second-generation of B. dorsalis fed with oranges (a southern fruit), peaches, and apples (two dominant northern fruits) were taken to construct age-stage two-sex life tables, and their growth, development, survival, and reproduction were analyzed to evaluate the fitness of different host fruits. The growth trend of B. dorsalis population was predicted, with the purpose of offering a theoretical support for population monitoring and integrated prevention and control of B. dorsalis in northern China
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