Abstract
Introduction: Urolithiasis is a term that refers to the formation of calculi or stones in the urinary tract. Calcifications arise in the urinary system, generally in the kidneys or ureters, but they can also damage the bladder and/or urethra. It's a prevalent ailment that leads to a high number of hospital visits. It is generally avoidable by modifying risk factors, and there are a variety of treatment methods available. Clinicians should be aware of the signs, symptoms, potential consequences, and therapeutic suggestions. In urolithiasis, diagnostic imaging techniques such as double-contrast cystography, ultrasonography, radiography, and, potentially, computed tomography are used.
 Presenting Complaints and Investigations: A 50-year-old male was admitted in AVBRH on 13/02/2021 with chief complaints of severe pain in the side, which spread to the lower abdomen and groin, pain in urination, nausea, vomiting for 15 days. Investigations included hematology and radiological tests including Hemoglobin 7.5 gm/dl, Sodium: 19.1 mg/dl, creatinine: 5.4 mg, calcium: 11.5 mg/dl. Urine analysis, cystoscopy, ultrasound, KFT, LFT were carried out.
 Main Diagnosis: Urolithiasis.
 Therapeutic Interventions: Included Tab. Ibuprofen, Syp. Cystone.
 Conclusion: Urolithiasis is harder to treat in the aged since they have more complications and become less likely to show with classical renal colic complaints. This could result in a later presentation with larger, more complicated stones. Individuals with significant back and flank discomfort should consider acute care and preventive efforts in patients with renal calculi, as it might lead to hydro nephrosis and kidney failure.
Highlights
Urolithiasis is a term that refers to the formation of calculi or stones in the urinary tract
Urolithiasis is harder to treat in the aged since they have more complications and become less likely to show with classical renal colic complaints
Urolithiasis is most typically found in adults; it is becoming more common in youngsters
Summary
Urolithiasis is most typically found in adults; it is becoming more common in youngsters. When urine contains excessive levels of specific minerals, a kidney stone can form in one or both of your kidneys. Urinary stone disease (USD) is becoming increasingly common. Urolithiasis is a common and recurrent condition that has recently become more prevalent because to the obesity epidemic. To assess the temporal trend of upper urinary tract stones in the Japanese population, a countrywide survey of urolithiasis was conducted [4,5,6]. Excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements and medications are among the many causes of kidney stones. Kidney stones can affect any part of your urinary tract from your kidneys to your bladder. Roughly 5–10% of the population suffers from urinary stone development. Kidney stone development is the result of chemical changes and urine supersaturation [7,8,9]
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