Abstract
Exposure to pyrethroids were commonly used in households affects the nervous system in children. Data on pyrethroids exposure were related to neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is unknown. This study was investigated relationship between 3-PBA metabolite and GABA concentration, hand wipes and determine factors related to pyrethroids metabolite among young children in urban areas. Children aged 2-3 years were provided urine sample (n = 80), and their mothers completed a questionnaire. Urine samples were analyzed for the 3-PBA metabolite and hand wipes samples were analyzed pyrethroids contamination. Both were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC/MS). GABA was analyzed from urine sample using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA). Spearman correlations were used to determine relationship between 3-PBA metabolite and GABA concentrations, hand wipes sample and binary logistic regression were used to determine association between 3-BPA metabolite and factor variables. Our results were presented that an increase of 3-PBA metabolite concentration was significantly correlated with low GABA concentration in urine children sample (rs = -0.230, p-value 0.004). Moreover, the increase of 3-PBA metabolite was significantly associated with increase hand wipes sample (including cypermethrin and allethrin) (rs = 0.226, p-value < 0.05). In addition, genders and always walk bare feet inside household in a day were significantly associated with increased 3-PBA metabolite concentration (p-value = 0.041, OR = 0.333, 95%CI 0.116 - 0.956) and (p-value = 0.009, OR = 6.789, 95%CI 1.597 - 28.854), respectively. Hence, these factors could affect the levels of the neurotransmitter GABA in pyrethroids-exposed children. We suggest that should be provided education, awareness and management to reduce the risk from long-term PYR insecticide exposure of children living in households. Key words: 3-PBA metabolite, GABA, hand wipes sample, children, households
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