Abstract
A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the relationship between soil urease activity and other soil properties in order to predict efficient utilization of urea fertilizer. Surface (0–15 cm) and sub-surface (15–30 cm) soil samples were collected from sewage-treated and untreated fields from 10 diverse sites in Haryana (India). Urease activity ranged from 2.48 to 15.91 μg urea N hydrolysed g −1 soil h −1 at 37°C. It was higher in surface and sewage-treated than in sub-surface and untreated soils. It was significantly correlated with soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, pH and total nitrogen, copper and manganese. Urea hydrolysis followed first-order kinetics, and the rate of hydrolysis increased with temperature in all the soils. It was faster in sewage-treated than in untreated soils. Controlled urea application is essential for better fertilizer use efficiency. Thermodynamic properties (energy of activation, enthalpy, entropy) were higher in untreated than in treated soils.
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