Abstract
In this work, sustainable metal recovery from waste and conversion into Cu-micronutrient-containing N fertilizers was developed utilizing the HNO3 extraction method. For this purpose, solubility diagrams, i.e., polytherms, were constructed of the ternary CO(NH2)2-Cu(NO3)2-H2O and NH4NO3-Cu(NO3)2-H2O systems to determine the corresponding phase equilibria and solid material chemical composition. Copper extraction in the form of water-soluble Cu(NO3)2 was performed from the industrial Cu cable manufacturing waste, using HNO3 concentrations relevant to the industrial conditions (56–58%) at a moderate temperature of 60 °C. Waste dissolution in aqueous NH4NO3 solutions resulted in only partial dissolution of <60% after 30 min. Processes of Cu and Zn micronutrient extraction from solid waste and integration into the existing NH4NO3 and nitrophosphate (NP and NPK) production technologies was proposed via an additional HNO3 dissolution step, combined with the solid unreacted residue removal.
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