Urban Spaces Efficiency Qualification in Vertical Residential Buildings: Al -Amal Residential Complex as Case Study

Women's preferences and urban space: Relationship between built environment and women's presence in urban public spaces in Iran

Urban commercial complex is the product of social and economic development, as well as the inevitable trend of commercial development. The public space design of urban complex project is an important link in its development process, which is the link between the contact and the building, the city and the building, and the external image display of the complex. Therefore, choosing a suitable and excellent public space design scheme is of great significance to show the superiority of the complex project and improve the project satisfaction and the sustainable operation in the later stage. This paper first defines the concept of urban complex public space and focuses on the analysis of the urban complex public space from four aspects of constituent elements, functional classification, design theory, and principle. Then, the Delphi method is used to determine 26 evaluation indicators to evaluate the urban complex public space design scheme, and the relevant index data of 20 urban complex public space design schemes are collected. The grey correlation analysis method is used to analyze the correlation degree between each indicator and the scheme winning bid. The final evaluation system of urban complex public space design scheme is obtained after removing the 8 indicators with low correlation degree. Support vector mechanism was used to build the optimization model of urban complex public space design scheme, and its accuracy was verified, which provides a relatively simple and quantitative method for urban public space design in the future, helps to improve the city’s business structure, improves the business environment of the city, makes the commercial complex more effectively play its own characteristics and advantages, effectively stimulates the vitality of urban space, and creates more perfect architectural space and urban space for people.

Carbon sinks in urban public green spaces under carbon neutrality: A bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review

Urban public spaces are the interface of any city that could tell about the city’s dynamic and status quo. In addition, Urban public spaces play a pivotal role in shaping societies’ dynamics and can significantly affect conflict and peacebuilding initiatives. In a context marked by Conflict’s profound impact, this article aims to contribute to the knowledge base for informed urban interventions that foster positive interactions and reconciliation in post-conflict cities. The article seeks to explore the intricate relationship between urban spaces and their influence on war or to promote sustainable peacebuilding through investigating the various roles of the urban public spaces during the war and peacetimes via residents’ experiences of the diverse spaces’ functions that shaped the city’s status quo. In addition, considering the interplay of social dynamics, conflict history, and the mental spatial map of cities in public urban spaces can influence lasting peace or upcoming conflicts. This article focuses on Aleppo as a case study, understanding the positive and negative experiences from the residents’ perspective before and during the current war in Syria, and even distinguishes between two periods during the recent war, which are the active violence and after the end of the direct active violence, where it could inform the decision-makers and urban planners on the areas of focus while developing post-war urban public spaces to ensure its positive role in fostering peace and be able to deal with the social dynamic and the mental spatial map that developed along with the conflict history. The paper utilised a mixed-methods approach, encompassing a case study review of Aleppo City from an urban perspective and fieldwork involving focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with Aleppian from different backgrounds and geographic areas that represent the social dynamic of the city, as well as approached Aleppian who are still in living in the city and those who flee out of it to ensure the coverage of different political direction in addition field work engaged with academia and technical from the city who shared their knowledge and experiences working in the city. Participants were prompted to reflect on their pre-war familiarity with public places and share their experiences. These experiences were categorized by enabling a comprehensive understanding of how conflict context influenced these spaces. The article results offer an understanding of the peace-guiding functions of the urban public spaces based on the city residents’ experiences that could inform architects and urban planners in designing spaces conducive to sustainable peacebuilding. The article’s findings underscore the importance of strategically designed urban public spaces in promoting peace and social cohesion.

The manifestation of installation art is becoming more and more diversified and closer to the people in the urban public space. It forms an interactive environment with the urban space. This article discusses the relationship between installation art and urban renewal from the perspective of art intervention in urban public spaces. Through the observation, investigation and case analysis of installation art in the city, above all, it summarizes the development context of installation art, then elaborates the intervention strategies and characteristics of installation art in urban public space, analyzes the role of installation art in urban public space, and finally summarizes the value of installation art to urban renewal.

The energy consumption in buildings and especially residential buildings is immensely affected by the design of urban open spaces around these buildings. Many countries including Egypt have been witnessing rapid growth in residential complexes while the effect of urban design on microclimate and energy use is not given appropriate considerations. Accordingly, this has contributed to the massive increase of energy consumption. Many studies have been conducted for analyzing the effects of urban features of open spaces (variables) and their values on the microclimate. A set of values for one or more variables were addressed in each of these studies and their effect on urban microclimate and energy use were measured. However, such effects were diverse and dispersed. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the optimal settings of urban features of open spaces that contribute to reducing energy consumption in buildings and achieve outdoor thermal comfort in the context of urban open spaces in residential complexes. In order to achieve this goal an extensive and thorough literature review is conducted for classifying and analyzing the impacts of different values of each urban feature of open spaces on energy use and thermal comfort. The urban features of open spaces in residential complexes are classified into five categories: urban morphology, street pattern, urban density, building distribution, and urban canyon. There are various subvariables for each category with corresponding range of values which are classified into different sets. Each set corresponds to the same urban pattern and climate zone. The results of these sets and categories are comparatively analyzed in order to identify the optimal values that contribute to reducing energy consumption in buildings and achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The outcome of this extensive comparative analysis is resulted in the form of five main urban patterns (that are dominantly used in residential complexes), for the two climate zones in Egypt (hot arid, and hot humid) along with the optimal urban design features of these five main urban patterns. The outcome of this research paper is presented in a matrix format that graphically presents these urban patterns and the optimal values of the urban open space features (variables) along with the indicators of energy consumption and outdoor thermal comfort. This matrix provides architects and building designers with a useful and friendly design guide that can be used at the early phases of urban design and can help them to achieve energy efficient and comfortable urban-open spaces in residential complexes. Such design guide will contribute in improving the awareness of designers at the early phases of the design process and direct their designs to be energy conscious and efficient prior to the detailed design phase wherein energy simulation is time-consuming and expensive.

Older people have received little attention in policy and planning in relation to health and related in urban space in world and specially in Iran. While the demographic index of Iran shows ageing of the population, policies and plans not supporting health space in urban area for older people. Elderly individuals and their presence in urban public spaces have a mutual effect on each other and are two components that are mainly considered by urban public space planners and designers. Predictions indicate that Iran would face population aging problem in the society and cities during approximately next 40 years. However, urban public spaces are important places for life continuation and social interaction formations. Due to their special physical, psychological and social conditions, elderly individuals need appropriate facilities in line with their needs so that they can be present in urban public spaces and be capable of taking the responsibility of active roles. The main purpose of the current research was recognizing age-friendly city`s indices and investigating these indices` status in region 1 of Shiraz municipality. Due to having the highest age mean among 11 regions of Shiraz municipality, region 1 of Shiraz municipality was selected as the scope of the study. The methodology of this research was quantitative and survey regarding which, the data have been collected using questionnaire. The reliability of the research`s questionnaire was obtained 87.0 through Cronbach Alpha, which was an acceptable amount. The statistical population of this research included elderly individuals of region 1 of Shiraz municipality, among which, 375 individuals were selected as random convenient samples. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. The summary of the findings of the current research indicated that overall, urban public spaces of region 1 of Shiraz municipality couldn`t respond to elderlies` needs and the status of 8 indices of the age-friendly city in public spaces of this region was less than medium and was at the least standard status.

Today, in developing countries, women's need to be present in urban public spaces and the establishment of everyday social interactions seem to be ignored more than other groups. Therefore, the present study aims to achieve the environmental components related to women’s presence in urban spaces and prioritize them. In this study, by scrutinizing the criteria obtained from the interviews, a questionnaire was prepared and randomly distributed among 256 women in the population. IBM SPSS has been used to analyze the data and explain the priorities. The results of the T-test show that security (T-value = 6.508 in T1 test), compatibility with behavioral patterns (T-value = 4.975 in T2 test), eventuality (T-value = 11.064 in T3 test), permeability (T-value = 10.220 in T4 test), attention to climate (T-value = 5.692 in T5 test), liberty (T-value = 11.184 in T6 test), collective memory (T-value = 7.367 in T7 test), variety (T-value = 1.816 in T8 test), complexity (T-value = 13.228 in T9 test), and identity (T-value of 18.905 in T10 test) are the most important criteria in motivating presence in urban public spaces, respectively. According to the results, among the individual characteristics of the respondents, the components of collective memory (r = 0.805), identity (r = 0.784), liberty (r = 0.703), and safety and security (r = 0.644) have had a positive correlation with the age of the respondents. The results of this study indicated that improving security (individual, social, and psychological) is the main environmental priority for women over 18 to be present in urban public spaces.

This paper investigates the meanings of urban public space, both as a didactic platform and as a way to spread awareness of climate change through art. What are the roles of public space? How do artworks intervene in urban public space? How can public art contribute to “sustainability” issues? I have argued that the intervention of art in urban public space offers effective ways of developing climate change art, which is understood to be an educator. Public space can be categorized into three different types: everyday, social, and symbolic spaces. These can be used as a platform for opening discussion and learning about the increased issues of the global crisis in contemporary society. I have drawn upon the representative case studies about climate change to explore how they intervene in urban public space and how they engage viewers to spread awareness, which is one of the fundamental aspects of this paper. It also stimulates viewers’ perceptions and awareness of a more sustainable future through phenomenological and emotional experiences. Thus, this paper contributes to the understanding and knowledge of the relationship between art and public space with respect to raising awareness about climate change and considering how art intervenes in urban public space to create an eco-didactic platform.

Mapping urban public spaces based on the Nolli map method

With the rapid development of social economy, high‐rise residential and commer cial complex building is the main rend. There are numerous benefits of the high‐rise comme rcial residential complex building. There are many types of high‐rise residential and comme rcial complex building. They will help people to design the high‐rise residential and commer cial complex building.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to move beyond the stage of analysis of exclusively physical microclimatic phenomena and extending ourselves to the study of the impact of the microclimate environment on the user behavior in public spaces. This paper will open up new opportunities for the development of urban open spaces and facilitate the decision-making for urban decision-makers, city managers and planners to make the right urban planning decision.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology for identifying the links between microclimatic quality of urban routes and behaviors was developed on the basis of the results obtained from field surveys carried out in nine public urban areas of the city of Biskra, three urban space are located in a traditional urban fabric (the medina) and the other five in new urban areas, in the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) of 2019. For this exploratory research, two types of instruments were used to collect data from environmental and human monitoring.FindingsImproving microclimatic conditions in urban spaces can allow people to spend more time outside, with the possibility of increasing their social cohesion. The overall objective of this research is to better understand the impact of microclimatic characteristics on pedestrian behavior of nine selected public urban spaces in the city of Biskra, Algeria. To characterize this impact, the authors developed an approach based on crossing data of field surveys, including structured interviews with a questionnaire and observations of human activities (video recordings), as well as microclimate monitoring, conducted during the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) 2019. The analysis of the results allowed to verify the impact of the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) on the variation in the density of occupancy of the different urban areas studied and the duration of the user stations. The authors also illustrated that the number of individuals higher in the traditional urban spaces of the city of Biskra or the conditions of climate comfort are more comfortable than the urban spaces in the new urban areas of the city of Biskra during the summer, which is the season most problematic.Originality/valueIn recent years, there has been a proliferation of scientific studies on the subject of control of microclimatic characteristics and, in particular, on the consideration of the thermal comfort of persons by qualitative analysis, prediction and representation of the perception of external environments. Improving microclimatic conditions in urban spaces can allow people to spend more time outside, with the possibility of increasing their social cohesion. This study highlights the importance of climate-conscious urban design and design flexibility. Urban environments can be modified in summer and winter to provide a better outdoor thermal environment for users. In addition, this study also shows the importance of harmony between microclimate and urban design. Such harmony can be achieved by including requirements for a climate-conscious urban design in the planning regulations for cities in arid zones.

Recognizing that public urban spaces – such as streets, parks, squares, and waterfronts – play a pivotal role in citizens’ well-being, happiness, and health, this research addresses the gap in existing literature regarding the specific challenges and opportunities of fostering happiness in rapidly urbanizing environments. Since the conditions in developed countries are very different from those in developing countries, this study investigates the key factors that contribute to the creation of happy urban spaces in the megacities of developing countries, with a focus on diverse metropolitan contexts including Tehran, Tabriz, Mashhad, Isfahan, Ankara, Istanbul, Dubai, Bogotá, and Rio de Janeiro. Drawing on a systematic literature review and structured interviews with 25 urban planning and design experts, the study identifies (via the coding method using MAXQDA) and prioritizes (via the SWARA technique) 18 core factors influencing happiness in urban public spaces. The findings highlight that walkability, recreational opportunities, music, trees and green spaces, and creative use of color are the most critical contributors to urban space happiness. The final research model enables the evaluation of happiness in the urban space for the megacities of developing countries and identifies the factors of creating a happy urban space in these cities.

This thesis focuses on the process of place making by continuous ‘craft fairs’ held in fixed urban public spaces in Taipei. Craft fairs, fairs that gather art and handmade crafts and live band performances, have become new cultural events in recent three years. Unlike other papers and books explaining the creation process of craft artists and the icon meaning of the crafts, this paper tries to discover wandering experiences from different perspectives. By in-depth interviews with participants of craft fairs, including fair holders, craft artists and citizens, I would like to discuss the experiences of wandering in craft fairs and how the sensory experiences affect the sense of one place. To answer the main question: “how do craft fairs become a key role between participants and place when they take place in every festival in Taiwan?” firstly I choose three places of different space patterns and holders as my research field. Ku Lin craft and book fair, the prototype and very beginning of craft fairs in Taiwan, presents an example of old book street revitalization. Besides, it also points out the complex power competition among different organizations behind the craft fair. Eslite Bookstore, the cultural landmark of Taipei, held craft fairs as a stimulus to improve the sales volume of the bookstore. The activity ended when the sales goal was achieved; however, through craft fairs taking place on the square, the bookstore square has become a stage in urban space with vital public life. CAMPO leads a great fever of craft fairs successfully. After attracting lots of people to Cinema Park, it intensifies and represents its subculture with the image of Ximenting. Second, I intend to elaborate on the meaning of craft fairs through the participants’ behaviors and sensory experiences. Taking place in public spaces, craft fairs as cultural events, intermediate urban dwellers and urban public spaces. Being a competition field for heterogeneous participants, the meaning of craft fairs has changed constantly in the process of power struggling and decreasing. From the body experiences of visions, sounds, tactile impression, emotion and feeling of space, people construct images of craft fairs and urban landscape. Lastly, as newly hot cultural events, craft fairs reveal the lack of social public space in Taipei. Craft fairs have brought diverse possibilities to different participants: to government and capitalists, craft fairs are indicative of brilliant future for culture and creative industries and great business; to craft artists, craft fairs are a place to exhibit and share their new ideas; for people wandering in craft fairs, the fairs offer a way to approach public space and crowds. It is their open and public characteristics that craft fairs contribute to public life between urban people, society and environment.

The introductory chapter of the book explains the overall focus on refugee youth as active agents and our interest in urban space. By putting personal and everyday geographies of refugee youth central we do not overlook structural forms of exclusion that take place but we show how young people themselves make sense of their lives in the new places of arrival. By putting their experiences centre stage we move beyond the mainstream domains, formal community or organisational settings and locations. The various chapters in the book illustrate how our focus on public space offers opportunities to explore meaningful spaces for refugee youth that include spaces that might be created by refugee youth themselves. Moreover, this collection explores the lived experiences of refugee youth in urban public space in a highly diverse range of international contexts and with specific attention to gender which allows us to illustrate how urban public space is actively produced in many different ways.