Abstract
This study explores how emergency shelters can adapt to a multi-hazard environment by geographic information system (GIS) and takes Guangzhou as a case for analysis. The physical suitability of the overall urban resources was first assessed by aiming to select the suitable resources and safe locations for emergency shelters in the context of multiple disasters. Afterward, by analyzing the scale and spatial distribution of affected areas and populations under different types of disaster scenarios, the demand for different kinds of shelters were predicted. Lastly, taking into account the coverage of the affected people, shelters were allocated according to different conditions in the districts. This work will hopefully provide a reference for the construction of emergency shelters and help form emergency operations in order to mitigate the impact of hazards. The issues identified in the study need to be further studied in medium or small-scale cities.
Highlights
The development and construction of cities are always accompanied by efforts to prevent various disasters that could directly or indirectly bring heavy losses to human society [1,2,3]
With rapid expansion of Chinese cities over the years and the high concentration of population in urban areas, the entire society is becoming vulnerable to disasters, making it absolutely necessary to build a disaster prevention system represented by the construction of emergency shelters
Unlike current studies that focus on responding to earthquakes or other types of disasters, this paper explored the methods of urban resource selection, estimation of the affected area and population, and shelter demand prediction in geographic information system (GIS) for a multi-hazard environment
Summary
The development and construction of cities are always accompanied by efforts to prevent various disasters that could directly or indirectly bring heavy losses to human society [1,2,3]. The crucial issue in this work constructs emergency shelters, which are concrete materializations and visualizations of disaster preparedness and risk calculations [11]. In terms of space form, emergency shelter is basically outdoor and indoor shelters The former mainly consists of parks, playgrounds, and squares where assisted living facilities are not necessary. The latter includes public infrastructure and buildings that are structurally better constructed such as gymnasiums and libraries. These buildings can provide living conditions and support facilities for refugees or vulnerable populations who need special care in disasters
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