Abstract

Excavations of residential areas in the north lower town of Zincirli, Turkey, the Iron Age Aramaean capital of Sam’al, show a change, in the second-half of the 8th century BC, toward a stratified socio-economic organization with the foundation of an elite residential district. This change coincided with the onset of strong Neo-Assyrian imperial influence on the last local kings and intensified through the Assyrian provincial period. The development of the urban residential areas, as Sam’al changed from a royal to a provincial capital, reflects the different political aims of urbanization in the context of territorial state formation and imperialism.

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