Upregulation of Interleukin-33, Human Β-Defensin 2, and Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Response to Staphylococcus aureus Furunculated Patients

Abstract

A furuncle is an infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that involves hair follicles and ultimately results in the formation of an abscess. Furunculosis is most frequently caused by Staphylococcus aureus. interleukin-33, human β defensin 2, and Toll-like receptor 2 (Toll like receptor 2) play a significant role in the innate immunity of the host. The present study aims to determine the level of the interleukin-33, human β defensin 2, and Toll like receptor 2 gene expression in staphylococcal furunculosis. A case-control study includes 50 patients and 50 control were evaluated for the level of interleukin 33, human β defensin and Toll like receptor 2 by enzyme and qPCR, respectively. The results indicated that furunculosis was most prevalent in people between the ages of 25 and 45 (P > 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between males and females (P > 0.05). The serum levels of interleukin-33 were observed to be significantly higher in FP compared to HC. Toll like receptor 2 and human β defensin 2 were elevated in PF, but much more in female patients than in male patients (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings of the present study reveal that it is more likely that Toll like receptor 2, human β defensin 2, and interleukin-33 play a significant role in the host's defense against S. aureus infection.