Abstract
This study describes the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of an extract from the leaves of Pouteria caimito (Sapotaceae). The extract in ethanol was obtained by maceration at room temperature and subjected to the liquid-liquid partition to obtain fractions in hexane and ethyl acetate. Steroids, triterpenes, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids were identified by the phytochemical prospection of extracts and fractions from the leaves. The analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction by UPLC-QTOF-MS allowed us to identify eight triterpenes, namely, euscaphic acid (1), hyptadienic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanolic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)- alphitolic acid (6), 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)-maslinic acid (7) and 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)-2-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (8). The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction presented total phenolic contents of 10.6 ± 0.1 and 11.4 ± 0.3 mg GAE g-1, respectively, and considerable antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay with EC50 values of 299.4 ± 1.5 and 391.8 ± 0.9 μg·ml-1, respectively.
Highlights
The genus Pouteria Aublet is a pantropical group comprising nine sections and 325 species [1]
Continuing our search for antioxidant substances [15] [16] [17] in plant species of the Brazilian flora, we describe in this work, the chemical study and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of extracts from the leaves of P. caimito collected in the Tocantins state, Brazil
The sub-fractions eluted with chloroform and ethyl acetate were selected for analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with a photodiode array detector (PDA) coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) to obtain the chemical profile, which allowed the identification of triterpenes, namely, euscaphic acid (1), hyptadienic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), oleanolic acid (5), 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)-alphitolic acid (6), 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)-maslinic acid (7) and 3β-(O-p-coumaroyl)-2-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (8)
Summary
The genus Pouteria Aublet is a pantropical group comprising nine sections and 325 species [1]. The genus Pouteria is represented in Brazil by 114 species, of which 46 are endemic [3] Many of these species produce high quality wood and edible fruits, such as P. caimito (abiu), P. macrocarpa (cutito), P. macrophyla (caimo) and P. sapota (sapota), which represent significant economic potential. In addition to their commercial importance, several species have been used in folk medicine to treat fevers, inflammations, ulcers, diabetes and nausea, among other applications [4] [5]. Continuing our search for antioxidant substances [15] [16] [17] in plant species of the Brazilian flora, we describe in this work, the chemical study and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of extracts from the leaves of P. caimito collected in the Tocantins state, Brazil
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