Abstract
Simple SummaryPancreatic cancer has a dramatic outcome (survival curve < 6 months) that is the consequence of late diagnosis and the lack of efficient therapy. We investigated the relationship between the 22 mucin gene expression and the patient survival in pancreatic cancer datasets that provide a comprehensive mapping of transcriptomic alterations occurring during carcinogenesis. Using unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of mucin gene expression patterns, we identified two major clusters of patients: atypical mucin signature (#1; MUC15, MUC14/EMCN, and MUC18/MCAM) and membrane-bound mucin signature (#2; MUC1, -4, -16, -17, -20, and -21). The signature #2 is associated with shorter overall survival, suggesting that the pattern of membrane-bound mucin expression could be a new prognostic marker for PDAC patients.Mucins are commonly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that is a deadly disease because of the lack of early diagnosis and efficient therapies. There are 22 mucin genes encoding large O-glycoproteins divided into two major subgroups: membrane-bound and secreted mucins. We investigated mucin expression and their impact on patient survival in the PDAC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (PAAD-TCGA). We observed a statistically significant increased messenger RNA (mRNA) relative level of most of the membrane-bound mucins (MUC1/3A/4/12/13/16/17/20), secreted mucins (MUC5AC/5B), and atypical mucins (MUC14/18) compared to normal pancreas. We show that MUC1/4/5B/14/17/20/21 mRNA levels are associated with poorer survival in the high-expression group compared to the low-expression group. Using unsupervised clustering analysis of mucin gene expression patterns, we identified two major clusters of patients. Cluster #1 harbors a higher expression of MUC15 and atypical MUC14/MUC18, whereas cluster #2 is characterized by a global overexpression of membrane-bound mucins (MUC1/4/16/17/20/21). Cluster #2 is associated with shorter overall survival. The patient stratification appears to be independent of usual clinical features (tumor stage, differentiation grade, lymph node invasion) suggesting that the pattern of membrane-bound mucin expression could be a new prognostic marker for PDAC patients.
Highlights
Pancreatic cancer, with its major form pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is projected to become the second cause of death by cancer and the first among digestive cancer worldwide by2030 [1]
We analyzed the expression of every mucin gene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma samples compared to normal pancreas tissues using GEPIA to compile Genome Tissue Expression (GTEX) and The Cancer GenomeAtlas (TCGA)
MUC14/EMCN and MUC18/melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) messenger RNA (mRNA) were correlated with each other (r = 0.34) (Figure S4B)
Summary
Pancreatic cancer, with its major form pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is projected to become the second cause of death by cancer and the first among digestive cancer worldwide by2030 [1]. Pancreatic cancer, with its major form pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is projected to become the second cause of death by cancer and the first among digestive cancer worldwide by. Interpatient heterogeneity and phenotypic differences between PDAC were reported and stratified as basal or quasi mesenchymal [4,5,6,7]. The daily clinical impact of this classification remains to be fully demonstrated, but the obvious differences regarding patient survival suggest the possibility to use prognostic expression signatures and may determine the relationship between signature and efficacy of therapies [8]. Atlas (TCGA) provides a comprehensive mapping of the key genomic changes, transcriptomic and proteomic alterations occurring during carcinogenesis.
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