Universal Basic Income in Appalachia: A Strategy for Clean Energy Transition?

Tomohon development as an autonomous region led to the need for non-agricultural land is increasing from time to time. This condition causes the competition has taken place in land use. Feared an increased need for non-agricultural land will lead to land conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural. The transfer of land use will have an impact on agricultural production that will affect the agricultural sector GDP. This study aims to determine the relationship between the area of ​​agricultural land with a regional gross domestic product of agriculture in Tomohon. This study was conducted over four months starting in February 2015 to May 2015 in Tomohon. The data are used, in this study, is a secondary data obtained from the Office of National Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Department of Agriculture in To-mohon. Data presented tabularize and and analyzed using correlation analysis. The results showed that, in the last three years, agricultural land area in Tomohon shrinkage due to the need for non-agricultural land, especially residential construction increased. It is given Tomohon is a city that is building. Reduction of agricultural land in 2012 amounted to 1.77 percent by the year 2014 decreased by 0, 01 percent. Instead rate of growth of gross regional domestic product of the year 2012 increased by 6.54 percent to 6.92 percent in 2014. The study concluded that the impact of agricultural land being against the gross regional domestic product, caused by another factor, namely the constant price factors that influence regional gross do-mestic product of Tomohon. Thereforet, when the land area or size increased in 2005-2011 and decreased in the year 2012 - 2014 however regional gross domestic product still increased. The relationship between land area with a regional gross domestic product is being categorized correlated with the value of the correlation is 0.62.*er*

Monitoring the progress towards bioeconomy using multi-regional input-output analysis: The example of wood use in Germany

This research is aimed at finding out the influence of capital expenditure, labor and authentic local income on gross regional domestic product Cities/Regencies Province Central Java. In this research, the researcher used multiple regression as the research instrument with panel data during the period of six years in 2013-2018. This research is showed that the variable of capital expenditure, labor and authentic local income influence on variable Gross Regional Domestic Product, increasing variable capital expenditure, labor and authentic local income then the amount of production goods and services will increase thereby tringgering an increase in the amount Gross Regional Domestic Product. This research used Fixed Effect Model as the research design. Based on the result of data analysis, it showed that the variable of capital expenditure positively and significantly local income on gross regional domestic product, variable of labor positively and significantly local income on gross regional domestic product, variable of authentic local income positively and significantly local income on gross regional domestic product.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of human development index (HDI)and unemployment on gross regional gross domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the period of 2010 - 2019. This research used quantitative research. The source of data used in this research was secondary data, that is time series and obtained from the official website of the Central Statistics Agency of South Sulawesi Province The data collection technique used is the documentation technique. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis model which is supported by classical assumption test and hypothesis test.The result showed that the human development index has a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the 2010-2019 period. Human development made a relatively large contribution to increasing productivity. When the human development index rises, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province will increase. Meanwhile, unemployment has a negative effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the 2010-2019 period. When unemployment rises, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province will decrease

The expected rise in electromobility and the increasing use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is generating new challenges and opportunities, particularly in the End-of-Life (EoL) management of batteries. One of these challenges are the socio-economic impacts associated with the EoL process steps on which this paper focuses on. With the method of Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) analysis, a selected recycling process route in Europe is assessed regarding socio-economic impacts, first at current demand (baseline scenario) and followed by an upscaled demand. The results provide insight into differences in some socio-economic impact categories, such as employment, vulnerable employment, and worker remuneration. The scale-up scenarios show, among other things, an increase in the workforce and remuneration (positive impact). However, with an increase in vulnerable employment, negative socio-economic impacts are also evident in Europe-centered recycling processes. The results furthermore show that changing recycling processes can lead to sustainability trade-offs. Due to the limited number of indicators in the selected method, it is not possible to provide an overall picture of social impacts. However, this research shows a clear change in the individual impacts, which underlines the need for proactive measures to overcome infrastructure problems, expand recycling capacities, and improve employment conditions in all sectors.

Consumption- and production-based accounting approaches for national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions provide different insights to support climate policymaking. However, no study has yet comprehensively assessed the consumption-based GHG emissions of the entire New Zealand’s economy. This research, for the first time, quantified New Zealand’s GHG emissions using both consumption- and production-based accounting approaches and considered the policy implications for adopting a consumption-based approach over a production-based approach. A global multi-regional input-output (MRIO) analysis was undertaken to calculate the consumption- and production-based GHG emissions of New Zealand for the year 2012. The MRIO analysis was based on the Eora database, which accounts for 14,839 industry sectors from 189 countries. Given the sectoral classification of each country is quite different and in order to ease interpretation of the results, the industry sectors of each country were classified and aggregated into 16 key sectors, and GHG emissions were calculated for those key sectors. The MRIO analysis showed that New Zealand’s consumption- and production-based GHG emissions in 2012 were 61,850 and 81,667 ktCO2eq, respectively, indicating that the country was a net exporter of GHG emissions in 2012. The dominant contributors to the consumption-based GHG emissions were the other services and construction key sectors (each representing 16% of consumption-based emissions), followed by food and beverages (14%), transport and equipment (12%) and financial and trade services (11%), whereas the dominant contributor to the production-based GHG emissions was the agriculture key sector (representing 52% of production-based GHG emissions). The results of the study provided two key insights to support climate mitigation activities and policymaking. First, the consumption- and production-based accounting approaches results have different rankings for the most dominant sectors contributing to New Zealand’s GHG emissions. Second, only the consumption-based accounting approach enables the quantification of the embodied emissions in New Zealand’s trade activities, and it indicated that a large proportion of GHG emissions are embodied in New Zealand’s trade activities. These insights, therefore, have important implications for future policies that could positively influence the consumption patterns of New Zealand citizens and the production structure and efficiency of New Zealand’s trade partners. This research quantified New Zealand’s GHG emissions using both consumption- and production-based accounting approaches. Given the two accounting approaches provided different insights, both approaches should be used in a complementary way when developing climate policies. However, implementation of a consumption-based accounting approach to support development and implementation of climate policies and instruments requires further consideration.

The problem of spatial inequality in the regions of Kazakhstan has been relevant for many years and in recent years this problem has worsened due to socio-economic changes in the areas, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the negative impact of inflationary processes, increased internal migration and other factors. The purpose of this study is to analyze spatial inequality between 16 regions of Kazakhstan covering the period from 2001 to 2017. The following scientific methods were used in the study: historical method, and statistical method. During the research, a new class of spatial econometric models was developed, which are modifications of the Durbin spatial model. These models are characterized by variable coefficients with spatial lags of the dependent and independent variables. The models were evaluated based on information about Kazakhstan’s regions, using the regional gross domestic product per capita as a dependent variable. The findings of the study show the advantages of the SDM model with fixed effects compared to alternative models, which is confirmed by the results of the assessment using the criteria of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayes (BIC). According to the SDM model, a 1% increase in gross regional product per capita in the base year leads to an increase in the growth rate of gross regional product per capita, all other things being equal. It is also worth noting that an increase in the unemployment rate by 1% contributes to an acceleration in the growth rate of the gross regional product per capita by 0.451, all other things being equal. An increase in government spending per unit in the region contributes to a decrease in the growth rate of the gross regional product per capita in the neighboring region, all other things being equal. The spatial lag coefficient indicates that changes in the indicators of the domestic regional product per capita in one region have an impact on changes in the domestic regional product per capita in the neighboring region. The results of the study indicate the need to use spatial weights when evaluating regional regression models.

<p><em>The implementation of regional autonomy resulted in each region to be able to manage their finances independently. This is one way the central government to remove the dependency of local governments to the central government. Thus requiring local governments to explore the sources of local revenue in order to finance regional development. In an effort to increase local revenues derived from the PAD is determined by economic factors or economic potential which has the prospect to be developed for each area. While the economic progress of a region heavily dependent on the development efforts undertaken by the government in providing public facilities to support economic activity. so it needs to be studied further economic growth in East Java, which increased from year to year, is also accompanied by an increase in revenue (PAD) as one source of income in financing regional development. The result indicates the role of the revenue (PAD) in the Regional Budget (APBD) of East Java Province indicates that there is still very small, with an average of 15.47% of the total revenue budget. This means that the level of dependence of local governments on the central government is still high. Although the results of regional revenue projections indicate that component has been great in their contribution of the reception area, which amounted to 69.52%. Using the ordinary least squre method, the result of regression correlation are insignificant. This means that the regional gross domestic product does not have an effect on revenue of East Java Province. If an increase or decrease in regional gross domestic product will not increase or decrease revenue amount. This means that there is no significant relationship between economic growths towards the reception of the revenue.</em></p><p align="left"><em> </em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>economic growth, revenues (PAD), Regional Budget (APBD), Gross Domestic Product (GDP).</p>

<pre>This study aims to determine whether there is a significant influence between population and gross regional domestic product on the financing of sharia banks in North Sumatra, and how much influence between the total population on the financing of sharia banks in North Sumatra and between gross regional domestic products. towards the financing of the Shariah bank in North Sumatra. The research design used is quantitative research design using techniques using multiple linear regression analysis techniques supported by classical assumptions and statistical tests with the help of SPSS 19 program. The sample of this study was the population, gross regional domestic product and the financing of the Shari'ah bank in North Sumatra from January 2009 to December 2011. The results showed that simultaneous gross regional population and gross domestic product had a significant and positive effect on bank financing. Shari'ah in North Sumatra. Partially, the more dominant factor that significantly affects the financing of the Shariah bank in North Sumatera is the factor of the population.</pre>

The role of intermediate trade in the change of carbon flows within China

On the suitability of input–output analysis for calculating product-specific biodiversity footprints

The research used secondary information that analyzed by regression method to have a simple picture about relationship between population growth, gross domestic regional product, and local revenue of Region of Merangin. The conclusion of this research shows us a positive relationship between gross domestic regional product and population growth in influencing local revenue of a region. The variable of gross domestic regional product (x1), represented by elastic coefficient, has 2,197 point where t variable has 8,868 point means this variable has significant influence to local revenue variable. In the other side, population growth (x2) has minus 0,794 point as its elastic coefficient where t variable has minus 1,020 point, and it means this variable does not have significant influence to variable of local revenue. The F variable, a examiner value, has 61.132 point, it tells us that gross domestic regional product and population growth fairly together gives an influence to local revenue of Region of Merangin. Entirely, by using regression analyzes we have found that local revenue would be influenced by fluctuation of economic growth and population growth as reflected by values of gross domestic regional product. Key word : local revenue, gross domestic regional product, population growth, regression

As an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, air transportation is the key link connecting regional exchanges. And air transportation can actively promote the development of regional economy. In this paper, the airport operation and regional economy of the leagues and cities in Inner Mongolia are taken as the research object, the co-integration and Granger causality between the air passenger throughput (TQ) and regional gross domestic product (GDP) of the leagues and cities are analyzed, and the correlation between air passenger throughput and regional gross domestic product is discussed. It is found that there is co-integration relationship between the air passenger throughput and regional gross domestic product in seven cities. The League cities with co-integration relationship are Hohhot City, Ordos City, Baotou City, Tongliao City, Xilin Gol League, Hulunbuir City and Bayannur City. In Granger causality analysis, regional gross domestic product of Hohhot City, Baotou City, Hulun Buir City, Tongliao City, Chifeng City and Bayannur City, Xilin Gol League and Hinggan League is the Granger cause of air passenger throughput, and vice versa. regional gross domestic product and air passenger throughput of Ordos City are mutually Granger causality. In general, regional economic development plays a more significant role in promoting the growth of air transport. Through comparative study, it is found that regional economic development can better promote the growth of air transport in Tongliao City.

The purpose of the study was to determine the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the gross regional domestic product in Jayapura district. This method uses qualitative analysis, namely analyzing data in the form of descriptions that are relevant to the problem raised. Where this analytical tool will be used to describe the factors that affect the acceptance of the value of the regional gross domestic product of Jayapura Regency. The calculation results show that the manufacturing sector in 2016 contributed to the formation of the value of the gross regional domestic product by 4.98 percent while the remaining 95.02 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the construction sector in 2017 decreased in percentage compared to 2016 of 0.7 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the manufacturing sector in 2018 decreased in percentage but not at the nominal value, which was 4.79 percent. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the processing industry sector in 2019 increasingly showed a negative trend in percentage terms but the nominal value experienced a good increase where it increased by 4.49 percent or decreased by 0.30 percent from the previous year and still shows a positive trend. The results of the calculation of the contribution of the manufacturing industry sector in 2020 increasingly show a positive trend both in percentage and nominal value where the increase is 4.77 percent

The research objective was to analyze the social and economic factors that affect unemployment in the development area of Central Java, namely in Brebes Regency, Tegal City, Tegal Regency, and Pemalang Regency (BREGASMALANG) in 2010-2020. The determinants of unemployment used in this study include the human development index, district/city minimum wage, and gross regional domestic product. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The research method used in Panel Data Regression Analysis with Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The result of this study indicates that the human development index & district/city minimum wage it means that it has no significant effect on the open unemployment rate in Bregasmalang. Meanwhile, the gross regional domestic product has a negative and significant effect on the open unemployment rate in Bregasmalang. With the influence of regional gross domestic product on the open unemployment rate, therefore the government is expected to be able to maximize the sub-sectors contained in the GRDP so that the sub-sector is able to increase employment so that it can suppress the high unemployment rate in the Regency/City concerned, namely the Brebes Regency, Tegal City, Tegal Regency, and Pemalang Regency.Keywords: Open Unemployment Rate, HDI, District/City Minimum Wages, and GRDP