Abstract
This chapter presents the historical background and structure of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Provisions for ECOSOC appeared in the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals in 1944. The Proposals contemplated that ECOSOC would make recommendations concerning economic, social, and other humanitarian matters, carry out UN General Assembly recommendations on such matters, and coordinate the activities of agencies related to the United Nations. The functions were confirmed at the San Francisco Conference in 1945, with some additions and modifications. From a legal standpoint, the most significant additions at San Francisco were in the strengthening of ECOSOC's role in protecting human rights, authorizing it to prepare draft conventions, and empowering it to call international conferences on matters within its competence. Although the Charter does not specify the composition of ECOSOC's membership, the 54 members are elected by the General Assembly in such a way as to reflect an equitable geographical distribution.
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