Unicystic Ameloblastoma Developing into a Hybrid Lesion of Rare Entity - with Review of Literature

Abstract

Existence of unicystic ameloblastoma with desmoplasia is a seldom occurrence. It was first described by Waldron and El-Mofty in the year 1987 as the term hybrid ameloblastoma. Here, we account a case of hybrid lesion depicting outstanding unicystic, follicular ameloblastoma with desmoplasia and mucus cell differentiation showing inductive changes. The patient is a 38-year-old male with a swelling in the lower right posterior region of the jaw. Radiologically, a mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion was sighted in this region. Taking into account of patient's complaint, clinical, radiographic, and histologic features; diagnosis of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma was made. It was followed by complete excision of the tumor. The challenge in the management of this tumor was to render complete excision as recurrence may occur in incomplete removal and also to reconstruct the bony defect to give a moderate cosmetic and functional result to the patient. The excisional biopsy report was established to be of hybrid ameloblastoma. Since there are few cases reported in the past of this lesion, the present case is an addition for better perception of this odontogenic tumor. This article identifies some profound concepts and new developments in the histopathologic design of ameloblastoma and its hybrid variant. It also briefly reviews the literature referring to this rare tumor entity. Considering the characteristics of ameloblastoma, priority of surgical management for hybrid lesion is also described.