Understanding the Methodological Process of Formation and Evolution of Scientific Empiricism in the Philosophy of West

Abstract

The current paper evaluates the transformation of methodological approaches and perspectives of early centuries of the modern era scientism to fundamental change in the philosophical views of the west in the form of postmodern attitudes. Thus, on the one hand, the evolution in crude empiricism and its transition to positivism, logical positivism and how to transition from positivism to falsifiability will be evaluated. On the other hand, we address the transformation of positivism and falsifiability attitudes and thinking into macro structures and attitudes in the form of Imre and Lakatos research program and Thomas Kuhn's paradigm and finally, Feyerabend anarchist approach. Then, we will continue with a brief overview of how to shape the post-modern approaches as the outcome of fundamental change in the attitude of philosophy in the West. Of course, we try to avoid getting into the details of the views, as far as possible because the main focus of this paper is on the analysis of the evolution of the methodological perspectives of "Scientism (Philosophy of science)" to postmodernism.