Understanding leftovers: Culinary sustainability in Danish university canteens

Survey of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw ingredients and ready-to-eat products by commercial real-time PCR kits

Sesame is a frequent cause of adverse food reactions in allergic patients. We developed a novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using two monoclonal antibodies and a unique extraction buffer for the detection and quantification of sesame proteins in processed foods and in raw food ingredients to clarify the validity of sesame labeling and for precautionary allergen labeling. The developed sandwich ELISA method is highly specific for sesame proteins. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.013 µg/g and 0.025 µg/g, respectively. The recoveries for incurred food samples, such as dressing, breads, sauce and pudding, ranged from 67 % to 81 %, while the repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation were less than 4.7 % and 4.5 %, respectively. The developed method has applicability for food products and is a reliable tool for the detection of hidden sesame proteins in raw food ingredients and in processed foods.

Ready-to-eat snacks and breakfast products are demanded rapidly day by day in the world market. To fulfill the RTE demand of consumer the novel, fast producing, versatile, uniformity, environmentally friendly and labour saving technology required by food scientists, manufacturers and industrialist. The extrusion processing technology is the latest novel technology which fulfils all these requirements. Extrusion cooking of foods is an operation in which raw food ingredients are forced to pass, in one or multiple varieties of situation of mixing, heating and shearing, through a die of specially designed to shape and puff dry the ingredients. Two or more raw food ingredients are combined to develop nutritious end products by the application of extrusion technique. Thermo-mechanical and shearing action during extrusion cooks raw mixture so that physico-chemical changes of the materials occur to carry out starch gelatinization, protein denaturation and enzyme inactivation, microorganisms and many other factors against to nutrition; all these occur in a shear situation, producing a plasticized continuous mass. In the present paper reviews the current development of RTE snacks in combination of different ingredients as well as the effect of extrusion process variables on physical, functional and textural properties such as expansion ratio, bulk density, hardness, crispness, water absorption index, etc. of extruded products. The control of process variables to produce nutritional balanced product is also important.

Prediction of food supplies is an activity of estimating the stock of foodstuffs that will be sold at a certain time, the supply of foodstuffs is determined by the estimation of future needs so that the seller can make the appropriate provision. When sales are predicted accurately, the fulfillment of consumer needs can be managed on time, the seller's cooperation with the relationship is maintained properly, customer satisfaction is met, the seller can overcome the loss of shortages or out of stock, prevent food ingredients from becoming damaged or stale. On the other hand, the seller can determine policy decisions on production plans, inventory, asset investment and cash flow. In other words, no salesperson can avoid estimating or forecasting sales for the purposes of planning the activities that must be carried out. Based on research conducted through application development in the form of a website displaying the results of sales of raw food ingredients based on time series data, the accuracy results obtained with an accuracy rate of 80% and through a black box evaluation it was found that the application has been running very well with a high level of respondents. shows a true value of 90% in the application that has been made.
 Keyword : forecasting, time series, web application, sales, raw food ingredients.

Greenflation or inflation for green energy transition in Europe becomes a structural problem of new scarcity and poverty, under Austrian Economics analysis. The current European public agenda on the Green Deal and its fiscal and monetary policies are closer to coercive central planning, against the markets, economic calculus, and Mises’ theorem. In this paper, attention is paid to the green financial bubble and the European greenflation paradox: in order to achieve greater future social welfare, due to a looming climate risk, present wellbeing and wealth is being reduced, causing a real and ongoing risk of social impoverishment (to promote the SGD 13 on climate action, it is violated by SGD 1–3 on poverty and hunger and 7–12 on affordable energy, economic growth, sustainable communities, and production). According to the European Union data, the relations are explained between green transition and public policies (emissions, tax, debt, credit boom, etc.), GDP variations (real–nominal), and the increase of inflation and poverty. As many emissions are reduced, there is a decrease of GDP (once deflated) and GDP per capita, evidencing social deflation, which in turn means more widespread poverty and a reduction of the middle-class. Also, there is a risk of a green-bubble, as in the Great Recession of 2008 (but this time supported by the European Union) and possible stagflation (close to the 1970s). To analyze this problem generated by mainstream economics (econometric and normative interventionism), this research offers theoretical and methodological frameworks of mainline economics (positive explanations based on principles and empirical illustrations for complex social phenomena), especially the Austrian Economics and the New-Institutional Schools (Law and Economics, Public Choice, and Comparative Constitutional Economics).

Infant feeding practices do not always fit with quantity and quality requirements, leading to low expression of growth potential. In Benin, 43.1% of children less than6 months old are exclusively breastfed with 68% of children aged 6-8 months receiving complementary food. The study aimed to produce infant flour from raw food ingredients available in Bopa district and to test its acceptability by 6-12 months oldchildren. In a first step of the study, formulation and determination of nutritional characteristics of the infant flour occurred. A second step concerned acceptability tests of gruel made from formulated infant flour. The study sample was composed of sixty five mothers and their children. Children�s acceptability test took place in the morning for three consecutive days. The gruel was consumed ad libitum. Mothers�acceptability test consisted of appreciation of organoleptic characteristics of the gruel and the infant flour processing.The infant flour was made of maize (65 %), bean (20 %) and peanut (15 %) and was manually processed. Chemical analysesshowed that it contains 4.3% of moisture, 69.3% of carbohydrates, 15.1% of proteins, 10.7% of lipids, less than 5% of crude fibres and 1.9% of ash. Its energy density (433.9kcal/100g) was significantly greater than Codex Alimentarius standards (p<0.05).The infant flour contained microbial germs up to 4.8log CFU/g which was closed to maximum standard values. Total coliforms (1.7log CFU/g) were significantly lower than standard values. The flour was yeast, mould and pathogen (Escherichia coli) free. Hundred grams gruel was made from 40g of infant flour, 6g of malted maize and 250ml of stock of boiled greens leaves (Solanummacrocarpum). Dry matter content of gruel was 19.2% and its energy density was 81.5 kcal/100g. Basedon the ratio of intake and amount served, 83.3% of children accepted the gruel. However based on the ratio of the amount of porridge consumed during the testto the amount usually consumed by the children, 65.2% of the childrenaccepted the gruel. Mothers�appreciation of the gruel ranged from unpleasant to very pleasant with 40% as pleasant. Sixty percent of mothers judged the infant flour processing as easy and feasible. All mothers expressed their desire to feed their children with the gruel. Improving nutritional status of their children motivated their decision. It is concluded that integrating this infant flour in nutrition and counselling package targeted to mothers may be of a great benefit to the children.&nbsp

Assessing the Performance of a Real-Time Total Adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) Detection Assay for Surface Hygiene Monitoring in Food Manufacturing Plants and Commercial Kitchens

WHO in WHA reported that 60% of direct and indirect infant deaths were caused by malnutrition and 2/3 of these deaths were associated with poor feeding practices in infants and children. Based on PSG results in 2016, Lampung and Bandar Lampung acute and chronic community nutritional problems (short prevalence ≥20% and thin ≥5%). The purpose of this study is to know the pattern of giving of breast milk in infants aged 6-24 months in the work area of Puskesmas Kota Baru New Town Bandar Lampung in 2017. This research is a qualitative research with phenomenology approach. Information obtained by conducting in-depth interviews, FGD, and observation. Informants in this study consisted of 5 main informants, 2 informants triangulation. The results showed that the form of MP-ASI have given for the age of 6-8 months and 12-24 months was appropriate but for 9-11 months age was not yet appropriate. The amount given is still less than the need with the frequency of giving 2-3 times a day plus 2 times a distraction. Type of MP-ASI is a local MP-ASI and MP-ASI manufacturer. How to serve in the form of dilute and liquid who fed by the mother. Raw food ingredients are stored separately with cooked foods. Feeding meals and suggestions are from their own mothers. Advice for MP-ASI counselors to provide regular and recorded counseling so that the stages and success of counseling can be evaluated.

The article explores the theoretical and applied aspects of administrative management as a mechanism for managing the risks associated with the green transition of enterprises and as a tool for brand development within the framework of the circular economy. The study is grounded in the growing relevance of sustainability, environmental responsibility, and the strategic importance of aligning business operations with the principles of ecological modernization and corporate transparency. The subject of the research is the system of administrative management in enterprises undergoing ecological transformation, with a focus on how it ensures operational stability, risk mitigation, and stakeholder engagement during the shift to circular and green economic models. The scientific novelty lies in the complex vision of administrative management not only as an internal coordination system but as a strategic interface that connects regulatory compliance, environmental innovation, and brand positioning. The research emphasizes that administrative management is becoming a critical function in the formation of ESG-oriented strategies and in maintaining the competitiveness of enterprises in conditions of ecological, financial, and reputational turbulence. The methodology of the study is based on a combination of theoretical and empirical methods, including systemic analysis, comparative analysis of international and national practices, content analysis of regulatory documents, strategic planning models, and case studies of Ukrainian and international companies. The research also draws on secondary data from ESG reports, environmental performance indicators, and sustainability benchmarking tools. The aim of the research is to identify the conceptual foundations and practical approaches to the use of administrative management as a tool for managing the risks of green transition and a strategic resource for brand development. The results of the study show that administrative structures play a key role in building transparent corporate communication, adapting internal policies to EU regulations (e.g., CSRD), and ensuring alignment between operational decisions and sustainability goals. The conclusion highlights the practical importance of embedding administrative management in the center of green transformation processes. It is responsible for internal policy formation, regulatory adaptation, ecological reporting, and coordination of cross-functional initiatives that affect the enterprise’s long-term value. The paper also proposes that effective administrative management enables companies not only to reduce the risks of green transition but also to enhance their brand through trust-based, sustainability-driven reputation. Further research perspectives include the development of industry-specific models of administrative management in the context of circular economy and the digitalization of ESG risk management systems.

The Ziepju 11 site in Riga, Latvia, is undergoing significant renovation as part of the Desire project, focusing on sustainable and inclusive urban development. Originally a Soviet-era dormitory, the building has been vacant since 2018. The Riga Energy Agency is spearheading the renovation, aiming to transform the site into social housing and community spaces, with a strong emphasis on circular economy principles. Key challenges include addressing the building’s poor energy efficiency, integrating the local community, and overcoming the post-Soviet mentality of passive citizenship. The experimentation tests innovative procurement formats and engages various stakeholders through workshops, focusing on creating a vibrant, inclusive community. These efforts also align with Riga’s broader sustainable energy and circular economy policies. The goal of the experiment is to develop scalable models for community engagement in public spaces and improve the city’s social housing system. Initial successes include engagement with social housing residents, children, and people with mental disabilities, offering insights into how physical and social spaces can be redesigned to promote sustainability, belonging, and active citizenship.

The article reveals the essence and structure of the closed-loop economy (EEOC) in the context of Russia's potential transition to an import substitution policy based on the internal resources of the state. It is noted that there is no unified approach in the scientific literature in understanding the specifics of a closed-loop economy. In this article, a closed-loop economy or a circular economy is understood as an economic cycle based on the principles of resource renewal and conservation of the socio-ecological and economic system, as a result of which waste is minimized and resources are used as efficiently as possible. The policy of transition to a closed-loop economy has a positive effect on the development of domestic production, which promotes import substitution and strengthens the country's economic autonomy. The closed-loop economy stimulates small and medium-sized businesses, forcing them to develop and apply new economic models. The circular economy increases the social responsibility of business to society, since the use of "green technologies" in a closed cycle contributes to solving environmental problems. The purpose of our research is to identify the main political prerequisites for the transition to a closed–loop economy model in Russia, as well as the difficulties and challenges associated with this transition. The article uses a multimethodological approach. Both theoretical methods were actively used - analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization, logical method, and empirical methods. An expert survey of experts in the field of ECTS was important for the focus of the article. According to the authors, summing up the results of the expert survey allows us to form a more substantive understanding of the main political prerequisites for the transition to a closed-cycle domestic economy. In the final part of the article, the SWOT analysis method was used, which allowed us to draw reasonable conclusions. The results of the expert interview made it possible to draw an unambiguous conclusion that at present in Russia the principles of a closed-loop economy are just beginning to be introduced into the economic system. The legislative framework for the circular economy is also in the process of formation. The need for a comprehensive strategy for the transition to a closed-loop economy, close cooperation between government agencies and large-scale public investments were highlighted as the leading political factors. Such factors as disinterest and poor awareness of citizens, weak investment from the state, lack of qualified personnel and low level of environmental education in Russian society were identified as barriers to the "green transition". At the same time, experts have highlighted a number of advantages of introducing a closed-loop economy. Among them: increasing the sustainability and stability of the Russian economy, solving import substitution problems, preserving resources and funds within the country, and greening the domestic economy. The article concludes that the introduction of a circular economy requires significant efforts by the state, business and society, but in the long term, this economic model has significant potential and is able to solve important economic, social and political challenges facing our country.

Selection of healthy raw ingredient and similarly rejection of defective ones in an automatic and non-destructive way is becoming an essential job in food industry. In this paper, binary classification of raw food ingredients is presented using x-ray images of pistachio nuts. The objective is to develop an in-line defect detection system capable of detection and classification of raw food ingredients without any damage. A method is devised for detection and segmentation of each independent ingredient from the large x-ray image. For quality assessment, six textures properties from the images are calculated on global level, in addition to sixteen features, extracted by calculating the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCMs) at angles of 0, 45, 90 and 135 respectively. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used as classifier. Results are calculated using extracted features and presented in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. Later, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used in order to achieve discrimination among features. Results are calculated again using features obtained after PCA. Texture features with PCA out-performed previous outcomes, producing excellent classification results while achieving higher accuracy in comparison to similar approaches.

The article presents an empirical study of the global cryptocurrency market in the context of its evolution under the influence of macroeconomic, technological and geopolitical factors, as well as the broader framework of the global green transition. By analyzing market dynamics across several critical periods, including the pre COVID crisis phase, the COVID 19 pandemic, the full scale russian invasion of Ukraine and the most recent stage of partial recovery, the study characterizes the structural features of cryptocurrency volatility in comparison with traditional financial instruments, particularly the S&P 500 and USDX indices. The empirical component of the methodology is based on open access datasets from CoinMarketCap, TradingView and Investing.com, which enables a comparative assessment of cryptocurrency trends and stock market movements. The findings demonstrate that cryptocurrency markets remain highly sensitive to news flows, regulatory decisions and speculative activity by large investors, which complicates the application of conventional fundamental analysis methods. Special attention is devoted to the environmental dimension of crypto industry development. The high energy consumption of Bitcoin is identified as a major barrier to integrating blockchain technologies into sustainability oriented economic frameworks. The study also examines the potential of environmentally oriented tokens, most notably the Energy Web Token, which is positioned as a tool for supporting decarbonization processes in energy markets but continues to exhibit weak price performance and limited investor demand in comparison with green energy indices. The comparative analysis reveals a substantial gap between the conceptual value of green tokens and their actual market perception. Overall, the results confirm that despite the continuing expansion of the emergence of new technological solutions, the integration of cryptoassets into the green transition remains fragmented. Meaningful advancement in this direction requires clearer regulatory frameworks, technological improvements and stronger alignment between blockchain applications and measurable environmental outcomes.

In an era of rapid technological advancements and the need for continuous learning, creating and maintaining effective learning ecosystems is essential for fostering adaptive, lifelong learning. This paper explores the theoretical foundations and practical strategies for building learning ecosystems that are sustainable, inclusive, and responsive to diverse learner needs. A learning ecosystem integrates various elements – such as digital tools, physical spaces, pedagogical approaches, and community involvement – to support formal, non-formal, and informal learning. Drawing on interdisciplinary research from education, technology, and systems theory, this paper presents a framework for designing learning ecosystems that promote learner autonomy, collaboration, and adaptability. It also examines key challenges, such as scalability and evolving learner expectations, and proposes strategies for maintaining these ecosystems over time.

The fallacies of central bank independence