Abstract
During the late 1880s and early 1890s, German social- ist immigrants grouped around a club called Vorwarts played a key role in the consolidation of the fi rst socialist groups in Argen- tina. In the context of a deep economic and political crisis, Ger- man Ave-Lallemant (1835-1910) — a mining engineer and land surveyor born in Lubeck, who later served as the Argentine cor- respondent of Die Neue Zeit, the theoretical journal of German Social Democracy edited by Karl Kautsky — became the main personality of Argentine socialism before the appearance of Juan B. Justo's La Vanguardia in 1894. Distancing themselves from Lassalle and embracing a Marxist ideology more closely aligned with the political line of the SPD, the fi rst Argentine socialist groups also sketched, under Lallemant's direction, an analysis of Argentine his- tory stressing its backwardness and arguing that capitalism would play a progressive historical role in the immediate future — an analysis explaining their originally sympathetic attitude towards the new Radical Party. Lallemant's previously unresearched German writings, set against the background of contemporary political currents in Argentina and the Second International, shed new light on his role in the origins of Argentine socialism.
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