Ultrasonographic Features of the Prostate Gland in Dogs in Jaipur, Rajasthan

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Background: Prostate gland ultrasonography is a diagnostic imaging technique used to assess size, shape and structure of the prostate gland in male dogs. Prostate size estimation is important in the diagnosis and monitoring of prostatic disorders such as prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), cysts, abscesses and neoplasms. Methods: The dimensions of prostate gland in dogs, as assessed by ultrasonography, is currently not yet reported in this area.This study was aimed at reporting of standardization of prostate gland features including length, width and ultrasonographic appearance and correlation of prostate gland parameters i.e. length and width with age and body weight of healthy dogs, 2-5 years old of German shepherd (n=30) and Labrador (n=30) breeds, reported at Veterinary Clinical Complex of Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research (PGIVER), Jaipur. B-mode transabdominal ultrasonographic examination was done at 6 MHz frequency in lateral recumbency without sedation. Result: Prostate gland had hypoechoic homogenous parenchyma with moderately echogenic stippling appearance. The capsule appeared relatively hyperechogenic. In GSD age group-I (2 to 3 years), group-II (3 to 4 years) and group-III (4 to 5 years) prostate measured 22.73±1.01 mm and 22.58±0.95 mm; 30.22±1.85 mm and 29.04±1.66 mm and 32.02±0.65 mm and 32.34±0.90 mm in length and width, respectively. In Labrador age group-I (2 to 3 years), group-II (3 to 4 years) and group III (4 to 5 years) prostate measured 20.88±0.62 mm and 22.32±0.67 mm; 26.54±0.56 mm and 27.97±0.63 mm and 37.05±0.90 mm and 37.90±1.12 mm in length and width, respectively. Prostatic parameters i.e. length and width in GSD and Labrador (in all three groups) showed positive correlation with age and body weight. Ultrasonographic features of the prostate are considered to be more precise, as gives clearly distinct demarcation of the prostate’s edges with better resolution and visualization along with absence of a magnification effect.