Abstract
A fast and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the measurement of caffeine in caffeine-laced pants and in urine and skin of a pants user. The substance and its internal standard (N-ethylnorcotinine) were separated by reversed phase chromatography with 5 mM ammonium formate pH 3.0 and 0.3% formic acid in acetonitrile mobile phase (83:17 v/v) by isocratic elution and detected by tandem mass spectrometry operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode via positive electrospray ionization. Linearity was studied from 1.4 to100 ng/mL range for urine, from 5 to 100 ng/cotton swab for skin caffeine and from 1.3 to 100 µg/samples for 4 cm2 textile samples. Good determination coefficients (r2 = 0.99) were found in all cases. At three concentrations spanning the linear dynamic ranges of different samples mean recoveries of caffeine were always higher than 80% and intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision and inaccuracy were always better than 105%. For the first time, caffeine content in this cosmetotextile was determined together with the measurement of caffeine released on the user skin, the absorbed amount with resulting urinary concentrations.
Highlights
Gynoid lipodystrophy, known as cellulite is a localized complex skin disorder caused by changes in the subcutaneous adipose layer and in the extracellular matrix, with the protrusion of subcutaneous fat into the dermis resulting in structural and architectural alterations that are visually characterized by an uneven dimpling appearance of the skin [1]
As a first approach to this new cosmetic product, we aimed to measure caffeine content in a type of caffeine laced pants commonly sold in United States, Europe, and Italy, the amount of caffeine released on the skin and into the urine of a pants-user during its wearing using a newly developed and validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis
To assess total caffeine released from laced pants in the 10 wearing days, three squared areas of 4 cm2 each were cut from a new pair of laced pants and from the laced pants worn for 10 days at the end of wearing and caffeine measured as reported in subsequent sections
Summary
Known as cellulite is a localized complex skin disorder caused by changes in the subcutaneous adipose layer and in the extracellular matrix, with the protrusion of subcutaneous fat into the dermis resulting in structural and architectural alterations that are visually characterized by an uneven dimpling appearance of the skin [1]. Those changes include enhanced lipogenesis, decreased lipolysis, and increased lipid storage within the adipocytes as well as changes in the dermal architecture [2,3]. Ultrasound treatment appears to increase absorption and efficacy of topical caffeine [9]
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