Abstract
Cosmic rays accelerated to ultra-high energies (E >4⋅1019 eV) in electric fields in accretion discs around supermassive black holes are discussed. Particle injection spectra are assumed to be harder than those formed in acceleration at shock fronts. It turned out that cosmic rays with injection spectra supposed contribute a little in the particle flux detected with ground-based arrays. But in the extragalactic space particles generate a noticeable flux of the diffuse gamma-ray emission compared with the data obtained with Fermi LAT instrument (onboard the Fermi space observatory). The intensity of neutrinos generated by cosmic rays propagating in the extragalactic space is also derived. The model intensity of cascade neutrinos is much lower than that of astrophysics neutrino. It is concluded that possibly supermassive black holes are cosmic ray sources which contribute slightly to the particle flux detected on the Earth, but these sources should be taken into account analyzing components of extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray emission.
Highlights
Sources of cosmic rays (CRs) at ultra-high-energies (UHE), E>4∙1019 eV, are still unknown
In extragalactic space UHECRs interact with background emission which leads to the lack of particles at energies E>1020 eV if CRs fly distances more than ~100 Mpc (GZK-suppression: [1, 2])
The calculated UHECR energy spectra along with the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) spectrum are shown in figure 1
Summary
Sources of cosmic rays (CRs) at ultra-high-energies (UHE), E>4∙1019 eV, are still unknown. In extragalactic space UHECRs interact with background emission which leads to the lack of particles at energies E>1020 eV if CRs fly distances more than ~100 Mpc (GZK-suppression: [1, 2]). Energy spectra obtained both with PAO and TA are suppressed. Apart from GZK-suppression UHECR interacting with background emission produces electromagnetic cascades in extragalactic space, in which gamma-ray emission is generated [3, 4] It is the component of the diffuse extragalactic emission measured with Fermi LAT (Large Area Telescope on board cosmic observatory Fermi) [5]
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