Abstract
Typhoid fever, an acute systemic febrile illness caused by Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries. It requires frequent observation regarding proper diagnostic protocol and treatment practices. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of typhoid fever among admitted pediatric patients in a tertiary care center. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the admitted patients of pediatric and adolescent medicine of a tertiary care center from August 2016 to May 2018 after obtaining ethical clearance (IRC/609/015). Convenience sampling was used and data was analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social version 11.5. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Among 7450 patients, 151 (2.03%) at 95% Confidence Interval (1.71-2.35) patients were diagnosed with enteric fever of which 85 (56.29%) were male and 66 (43.71%) were female. Common symptoms were fever 151 (100%), and abdominal pain 94 (62.25%). Azithromycin 54 (38.03%) was the most common antibiotic received before presenting to hospital and ceftriaxone 151 (100%) was prescribed to all the patients after admission. Two-third of the patients (96/151) was hospitalized for at least 6 days, with the longest hospital stay of 14 days and shortest of 3 days. Occurrence rate of Typhoid Fever was similar to other studies. Antibiotic susceptibility could not be well established; further surveillance on typhoid fever and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is recommended.
Highlights
Typhoid fever, an acute systemic febrile illness caused by Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries
Typhoid fever (TF), a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries
In this study we aim to find the prevalence of typhoid fever among admitted pediatric patients of a tertiary care center in Eastern Nepal
Summary
An acute systemic febrile illness caused by Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries. It requires frequent observation regarding proper diagnostic protocol and treatment practices. Typhoid (enteric) fever (TF), a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries. TF in some patients can develop life threatening complications It remains a public health concern and the incidence is highest in children with higher rates of hospitalization.[3] Antimicrobial agents are the definitive therapy in order to prevent the complications associated with TF.[3] Appropriate and timely antibiotic administration reduces the durations of fever from 3-4 weeks to 3-4 days.[4]
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