Abstract
A novel functional ion-exchange/adsorption metal organic resin (MOR), TEBAC-HKUST-1, was prepared and characterized. Ethanedithiol was used as the grafting agent to introduce thiol groups onto HKUST-1, and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride was then grafted onto SH-HKUST-1 using thiol groups. Finally, the quaternary ammonium functional group was immobilized onto the carrier by performing a quaternization reaction. The structure and property of TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR were characterized by TGA, N2 adsorption–desorption, FTIR, SEM, and XRD. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR was used to remove metal cyanide complexes from wastewater. The adsorption was rapid, and the metal cyanide complexes including Pt(CN)42−, Co(CN)63−, Cu(CN)32−, and Fe(CN)63− were removed in 30 min. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR exhibited a high stability in neutral and weak basic aqueous solutions. Furthermore, Pt(II) could be efficiently recovered through two-step elution. The recovery rate of Pt(II) for five cycles were over 92.0% in the mixture solution containing Pt(CN)42−, Co(CN)63−, Cu(CN)32−, and Fe(CN)63−. The kinetic data were best fitted with the pseudo second-order model. Moreover, the isothermal data were best fitted with the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic results show that the adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR not only exhibited excellent ability for the rapid removal of metal cyanide complexes, but also provided a new idea for the extraction of noble metals from cyanide-contaminated water.
Highlights
Cyanide is one of the most dangerous contaminants in environment, threatening human health and ecological systems [1]
The bands at 1620 and 1438cm−1 show the vibrations of carboxylate groups of HKUST-1 while the strong band at 1566 and 1378 cm−1 assigned to bending stretching of benzene ring of the HKUST-1 [30]
The characteristic vibrational band of C–S group appeared at 686 cm−1, indicating that thiol groups were successfully introduced into HKUST-1 matrix [32]
Summary
Cyanide is one of the most dangerous contaminants in environment, threatening human health and ecological systems [1]. Various methods have been applied to remove metal cyanide complexes from wastewater, including biological degradation [5,6,7], chemical oxidation [8], and ion-exchange/adsorption [9]. Common ion-exchange organic resins exhibit a relatively slow sorption kinetics, low thermal and chemical stability, moderate selectivity, and poor regeneration and reusability for metal cyanide complexes [11]. A novel functional ion-exchange/adsorption metal organic resin (TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR). To the best of our knowledge, the use of functional HKUST-1 as ion-exchange/adsorption MOR in the removal of metal cyanide complexes from wastewater has not been reported. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR exhibited efficient separation for Pt(CN)4 2− from a mixed metal cyanide complex mixture containing Pt(CN)4 2− , Co(CN)6 3− , Fe(CN)6 3− , and Cu(CN)3 2− , as well as excellent reusability.
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