Two new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia

A new species of the genus Begonia (sect. Platycentrum, Begoniaceae) from Mishmi Hills of Arunachal Pradesh, India, Begonia naraharii B.Hajong, N.Bhat & P.Bharali is described and illustrated. A detailed taxonomic description, accompanied by photographs, as well as notes on distribution, conservation status, and a table of comparisons with allied species, are provided.

Begonia schizostya, a new species of Begonia sect. Astrothrix from São Paulo state, Brazil is described. Begonia schizostyla is morphologically similar to Begonia bullatifolia and Begonia crispula, with which it is compared. The new species grows in Ombrophilous Dense Submontane Forest, over rocks inside the primary forest of São Sebastião Island. Description, comparisons with related species, etymology, taxonomic comments, illustration and localization map of the new species are provided.

Two new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from the Atlantic Coastal Forest of Brazil are described and illustrated. Begonia atlantica and Begonia umbrosa are found living in rocky outcrops present on the slopes of Serra do Mar State Park, taxonomic affinities and provisional conservation assessments are also provided.

Most species of Begonia in Borneo, like those of other areas, are narrowly distributed and site-specific. In this study we report three new species of Begonia, namely B. felis C. W. Lin & C.-I Peng, B. kuchingensis C. W. Lin & C.-I Peng (sect. Petermannia) and B. serianensis C. W. Lin & C.-I Peng (sect. Reichenheimia) from the Padawan-Serian limestone hills in southwestern Sarawak. In addition to the taxonomic account, color plates, line drawings, a distribution map, and comparisons with phenetically similar species are provided to aid in identification.

Two new species of Begonia from montane forests in Andean Peru are described and illustrated as B. lamolina and B. amoeboides. These two species are placed within B. section Cyathocnemis and are morphologically most similar to B. lophoptera, which is lectotypified, and a new description is provided. Preliminary IUCN Red List assessments are provided for all three species.

The taxonomic treatment of Begoniaceae for the state of Bahia, Brazil, led to the recognition of three new species of Begonia with narrow distributions, which are described and illustrated here: Begoniadelicata Gregório & J.A.S. Costa, sp. nov. is a herb restricted to the region of the Recôncavo; Begoniaelianeae Gregório & J.A.S. Costa, sp. nov. is a shrub endemic to the Atlantic forest of the southern part of the state; and Begoniapaganuccii Gregório & J.A.S. Costa, sp. nov. is a subshrub known only from the type material, collected in the Piedmont of Paraguaçu. Notes on morphology, comparisons with morphologically similar species, etymology, geographic distribution, habitat and phenological data for each species are also presented. Furthermore, keys are provided as an aid to separating the new species from congeneric species that occur in their surroundings. Due to the sparse knowledge of the new species, there is as yet insufficient data to accurately assess their conservation status.

Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park is one of the national parks in Indonesia used as a conservation area for the sumatran tiger. The existence of the sumatran tiger is not separate from the ability of forest areas to provide habitat components, such as sources of food, water, and shelter. This research aimed to identify the animal species and abundance of sumatran tiger prey species at Talang Lakat Resort, Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park. Data collected by camera trap as primary data and secondary data collected at the Bukit Tiga puluh National Park Hall. The data were analyzed using the formula of species abundance and encounter rate. Based on the data results, there are five types of sumatran tiger prey recorded by camera traps in 2020, such as Helarctos malayanus, Macaca nemestrina, Argusiana argus, Hystrix Brachyura, and Muntiacus muntjak. The prey species with the highest species abundance and RAI values ​​in 2020 were Macaca nemestrina with a species abundance value of 40% and RAI 14 photos/day, while the lowest species abundance values ​​were Helarctos malayanus with a value of 7% and RAI 5 photos/day.

Local peoples in a certain area is very depends on plants grow on surrounding them for fulfill daily lifelyhoat such as food, clothing, construction material, medicinal, etc. People knowledge in plants utilized especially as medicinal matter was passed on from generation to generation. Documentation and conservation of traditional knowledge from the local people until to do the research of diversity of medicinal plant by Talang Mamak tribe in Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, Riau. Field data collection of medicinal plants was done by directobservation and interview with the figure or tribe-head and community is used medicinal plant in surrounding them. From the survey it result that at least 77 species of plants are used as medicines. Five species from these was categorised as endangered species such as pulai (Alstonia scholaris), gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis), kapung-kapung (Oroxylum indicum), pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia), and akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava). Kinds of diseases can be cover with ingredient of traditional medicines, the process and method, part of plant used, and species having potency for develop in the future is discussed in this paper.© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Medicinal plant, Talang Mamak tribe, Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, Riau

ARDI. W.H., GIRMANSYAH, D. & HUGHES, M. 2021. Begonia robii, a new species of Begonia from Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatra. Reinwardtia 20(1): 37–41. — A new species of Begonia sect. Jackia (Begoniaceae), B. robii Ardi & Girm., is described from West Sumatra and is a limestone karst endemic in the Tanah Datar dan Lima Puluh Kota Regency. Its provisional IUCN threatened category is considered to be Endangered.

ARDHAKA, I. M., ARDI, W. H., UNDAHARTA, N. K. E. & TIRTA, I. G. 2016. A new species Begonia from Manusela National Park, Seram. Reinwardtia 15(1): 61 – 64. — A new species of Begonia, B. manuselaensis Ardhaka & Ardi, is described from Seram, Maluku province, Indonesia. The species is endemic to Seram and belongs to Begonia section Petermannia.

On recent expeditions, two endemic new species of Begonia sect. Baryandra, Begonia obscuribracteata Y.P.Ang, Cabanillas & M.N.Tamayo and Begonia tandikan Pranada, L.M.Camangeg, Cabanillas & Y.P.Ang, were discovered and are hereby described and illustrated. Begonia obscuribracteata is similar to B. cabanillasii Y.P.Ang et al. in having suborbicular leaves that are adaxially hairy, five conspicuous wings on the ovary, and tepals that are hairy on the outside. However, it can be easily distinguished by features of its leaves, stipules, and bracts. A key to similar Begonia species with a conspicuous 5-winged ovary is provided. Begonia tandikan morphologically resembles B. beijnenii Y.P.Ang et al. but differs by having a broadly ovate (vs subrhomboid) lamina with a villous (vs glabrous) upper surface, shorter and wider stipules with aristate (vs cuspidate) apices, and minutely pilose (vs glabrous) bracts. Following IUCN guidelines, Begonia obscuribracteata is assessed as Endangered (EN) and Begonia tandikan as Critically Endangered (CR).

A new species of Begonia sageaensis Wiriadinata (Begoniaceae) from south of Mt. Sohra Ecoregion, Sagea Lagoon, Weda Bay, Halmahera, North Moluccas, Indonesia is described and illustrated. This species close to B. holosericea Teijsm. & Binn. in small herb habit but it differ in red hirsute hairs on both leaf surface and on its petiole, persistence equitant bracts, longer pedicels of male flowers and fruit has three equal wings with both flat ends.

This study aims to analyze the sustainability of ecotourism in Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park, Riau Province. This research uses the modified Rapfish - Rapid Appraisal for ecotourism (Rap-ecotourism) method which is based on the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach. The results showed that the sustainability status of ecotourism management in Bukit Tinggi National Park in a multidimensional manner was categorized as quite sustainable. The ecological dimension has a sustainable status with an index value of 91.68. The economic dimension is less sustainable with an index value of 49.88. the socio-cultural dimension has a fairly sustainable status with an index value of 67.38. The legal and institutional dimensions are quite sustainable with an index value of 55.06. The technology infrastructure dimension has a fairly sustainable status with an index value of 56.71. Therefore, the results of this analysis indicate that there is a need for intervention on the attributes that are the main levers so that ecotourism management can be carried out sustainably.

The community empowerment program in the Bukit Tigapuluh National Park area in the cultivation of kelulut honey is a community empowerment program created and managed directly by the Bukit Tigapuluh National Park Office with the target recipient of the program being indigenous people living in this national park area, such as the Talang Mamak Tribe community with the aim of providing empowerment activities so that the community can earn additional income to meet their economic needs. This study aims to analyze and explain how the Talang Mamak Tribe Community Empowerment in the Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park Area in Cultivating Kelulut Honey in Rantau Langsat Village, Batang Gansal District, Indragiri Hulu Regency. This type of research is qualitative by collecting interview and observation data with respondents, namely Balai TNBT and related agencies and the TNBT fostered Forest Farmers Group. In this study, it was found that the implementation of the program had been implemented but not optimal as a whole due to several indicators used in this study such as standards and targets, resources, communication between organizations, and characteristics of implementers. , socio-economic environment and attitude of implementers in program implementation. Not all of the implementation processes of this empowerment program are in the implemented category so that everything is still not maximally implemented.

Indonesia’s nationally determined contributions (NDC) outline ambitious emission reduction targets, with the forestry and other land use (FOLU) sector expected to play a significant role in achieving these goals. This study estimates soil carbon stock in conservation areas covering mineral and peat soils. A total of 72 sample plots in Bukit Tigapuluh National Park (NP), Kutai NP, and Sebangau NP were established for soil sample collections. This study found that the highest organic content in mineral soil is at 0-5 cm depth, accounting for 3.54% in Bukit Tigapuluh NP and 2.72% in Kutai NP. The carbon stocks of mineral soil in Bukit Tigapuluh NP and Kutai NP at 0-30 cm depth are 43.17 tons C ha-1 and 56.77 tons C ha-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the carbon stock in peat soil in Sebangau NP at 400 m depth is 2,155.63 tons C ha-1, 43-fold more significant than the carbon stock in mineral soil. This study underscores the significance of soil carbon in Indonesia’s climate mitigation. It highlights the opportunity to refine emission estimates from the FOLU sector by adding a soil carbon pool to calculate the emission factor.